Department of Marine Life Sciences, College of Ocean Sciences, Jeju National University, Jeju Special Self-Governing Province, Jeju 690-756, Republic of Korea.
Fish Shellfish Immunol. 2010 May-Jun;28(5-6):754-63. doi: 10.1016/j.fsi.2010.01.024. Epub 2010 Feb 12.
The lipopolysaccharide-induced TNF-alpha factor (LITAF) and Rel family nuclear factor kappaB (Rel/NF-kB) are two important transcription factors which play major roles in the regulating inflammatory cytokine, apoptosis and immune related genes. Here, we report the discovery of disk abalone LITAF (AbLITAF) and Rel/NF-kB (AbRel/NF-kB) homologues and their immune responses. Full-length cDNA of AbLITAF consists of 441 bp open reading frame (ORF) that translates into putative peptide of 147 aa. Analysis of AbLITAF sequence showed it has characteristic LITAF (Zn(+2)) binding domain with two CXXC motifs. Phylogenetic analysis results further revealed that AbLITAF is a member of LITAF family. AbRel/NF-kB is 584 aa protein that contains several characteristic motifs including Rel homology domain (RHD), Rel protein signature, DNA binding motif, nuclear localization signal (NLS) and transcription factor immunoglobulin - like fold (TIG) similar to their invertebrate and vertebrate counterparts. Tissue specific analysis results showed that both AbLITAF and AbRel/NF-kB mRNA was expressed ubiquitously in all selected tissues in constitutive manner. However, constitutive expression of AbLITAF was higher than AbRel/NF-kB in all tissues except mantle. Upon immune challenge by bacteria (Vibrio alginolyticus, Vibrio parahemolyticus and Lysteria monocytogenes) and viral hemoragic septicemia virus (VHSV), AbLITAF showed the significant up-regulation in gills while AbRel/NF-kB transcription was not change significantly. Based on transcriptional response against immune challenge, we could suggest that regulation of TNF-alpha expression may have occurred mainly by LITAF activation rather than NF-kB in disk abalone. The cumulative data from other molluscs and our data with reference to TNF-alpha, LITAF and Rel/NF-kB from disk abalone provide strong evidence that LITAF and NF-kB are independent pathways likely to occur throughout the Phylum mollusca.
脂多糖诱导的肿瘤坏死因子-α因子（LITAF）和 Rel 家族核因子 kappaB（Rel/NF-kB）是两种重要的转录因子，它们在调节炎症细胞因子、凋亡和免疫相关基因方面发挥着重要作用。在这里，我们报告了发现盘鲍 LITAF（AbLITAF）和 Rel/NF-kB（AbRel/NF-kB）同源物及其免疫反应。AbLITAF 的全长 cDNA 由 441bp 的开放阅读框（ORF）组成，该 ORF 翻译成 147 个氨基酸的假定肽。AbLITAF 序列分析表明，它具有特征性的 LITAF（Zn(+2)）结合域，包含两个 CXXC 基序。系统发育分析结果进一步表明，AbLITAF 是 LITAF 家族的一员。AbRel/NF-kB 是一种 584 个氨基酸的蛋白质，包含几个特征基序，包括 Rel 同源结构域（RHD）、Rel 蛋白特征、DNA 结合基序、核定位信号（NLS）和转录因子免疫球蛋白样折叠（TIG），与它们的无脊椎动物和脊椎动物对应物相似。组织特异性分析结果表明，AbLITAF 和 AbRel/NF-kB mRNA 在所有选定组织中以组成型方式广泛表达。然而，除了套膜外，所有组织中 AbLITAF 的组成型表达均高于 AbRel/NF-kB。在细菌（溶藻弧菌、副溶血弧菌和李斯特菌）和病毒（病毒性出血性败血症病毒，VHSV）免疫挑战后，AbLITAF 在鳃中显著上调，而 AbRel/NF-kB 的转录没有明显变化。基于对免疫挑战的转录反应，我们可以推测，在盘鲍中，TNF-α表达的调节可能主要通过 LITAF 的激活而不是 NF-kB 发生。来自其他软体动物的累积数据和我们的数据，以及盘鲍的 TNF-α、LITAF 和 Rel/NF-kB 的参考数据，为 LITAF 和 NF-kB 是可能在整个软体动物门中发生的独立途径提供了有力证据。
