Université Montpellier 2, UMR 1098 Développement et Adaptation des Plantes, Bat 15, CC 002, Place Eugène Bataillon, 34095 Montpellier Cedex 5, France.
Trends Plant Sci. 2010 Apr;15(4):219-26. doi: 10.1016/j.tplants.2010.01.008. Epub 2010 Feb 12.
Cereals possess a fibrous root system that is mainly composed of crown roots that emerge postembryonically from the nodes of the stem. Because the root system is not directly accessible and consequently difficult to study, it remains a target for breeders to improve the ability of plants to exploit the mineral and water resources of the soil. Breeding for root architecture necessitates identifying the genetic determinants of root development. This research is now underway in cereals, particularly in rice, the monocot model species. In this review, we examine recent data identifying genes that govern root development in cereals, such as ARL1/CRL1 in rice and RTCS in maize which encodes a conserved lateral organ boundary domain transcription factor involved in crown root initiation and development in response to auxin. Finally, we discuss the detection and validation of root development quantitative trait loci.
谷类作物具有纤维状的根系，主要由冠根组成，这些冠根在胚胎后从茎的节点上萌发。由于根系不容易接近，因此难以研究，它仍然是培育者改善植物利用土壤中矿物质和水资源能力的目标。培育根系结构需要确定根发育的遗传决定因素。目前，这一研究正在谷类作物中进行，特别是在单子叶模式物种水稻中。在这篇综述中，我们检查了最近的数据，这些数据确定了控制谷类作物根发育的基因，例如水稻中的 ARL1/CRL1 和玉米中的 RTCS，后者编码一个保守的侧器官边界域转录因子，参与对生长素的响应下的冠根起始和发育。最后，我们讨论了根发育数量性状位点的检测和验证。
