Public Health Agency of Canada, Box 640, Township Road 9-1, Lethbridge Alberta, T1J 3Z4, Canada.
J Water Health. 2010 Jun;8(2):374-86. doi: 10.2166/wh.2009.076. Epub 2009 Nov 9.
In this study, we wished to assess the prevalence and determine the sources of three zoonotic bacterial pathogens (Salmonella, Campylobacter, and Escherichia coli O157:H7) in the Salmon River watershed in southwestern British Columbia. Surface water, sewage, and animal faecal samples were collected from the watershed. Selective bacterial culture and PCR techniques were used to isolate these three pathogens and indicator bacteria from these samples and characterize them. Campylobacter was the most prevalent pathogen in all samples, followed by Salmonella, and E. coli O157:H7. E. coli O157:H7 and Salmonella isolation rates from water, as well as faecal coliform densities correlated positively with precipitation, while Campylobacter isolation rates correlated negatively with precipitation. Analysis of DNA extracted from water samples for the presence of Bacteroides host-species markers, and comparisons of C. jejuni flaA-RFLP types and Salmonella serovars from faecal and water samples provided evidence that human sewage and specific domestic and wild animal species were sources of these pathogens; however, in most cases the source could not be determined or more than one source was possible. The frequent isolation of these zoonotic pathogens in the Salmon River highlights the risks to human health associated with intentional and unintentional consumption of untreated surface waters.
在这项研究中，我们希望评估三种人畜共患病细菌病原体（沙门氏菌、弯曲菌和大肠杆菌 O157：H7）在不列颠哥伦比亚省西南部的鲑鱼河流域的流行情况并确定其来源。从该流域采集了地表水、污水和动物粪便样本。选择细菌培养和 PCR 技术用于从这些样本中分离这些三种病原体和指示菌，并对其进行特征描述。在所有样本中，弯曲菌是最常见的病原体，其次是沙门氏菌和大肠杆菌 O157：H7。水和粪便中大肠埃希氏菌 O157：H7 和沙门氏菌的分离率以及粪便大肠菌群密度与降水呈正相关，而弯曲菌的分离率与降水呈负相关。对从水样中提取的 DNA 进行分析，以确定拟杆菌宿主种标记物的存在情况，并对粪便和水样中弯曲杆菌 flaA-RFLP 型和沙门氏菌血清型进行比较，这些结果为人类污水和特定的家养和野生动物是这些病原体的来源提供了证据；然而，在大多数情况下，无法确定来源或可能有多个来源。在鲑鱼河中频繁分离出这些人畜共患病病原体，突显了与未经处理的地表水的有意和无意摄入相关的人类健康风险。
