Multidisciplinary Memory Clinic Slingeland Hospital/Alzheimer Centre Nijmegen, Radboud University Medical Centre Nijmegen, 7009 BL Doetinchem, The Netherlands.
Aging Ment Health. 2010 Jan;14(1):113-9. doi: 10.1080/13607860903046495.
To make an inventory of needs assessment instruments in dementia, to explore the interaction between unmet needs and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and to relate these to the conceptual model of Maslow's Hierarchy of needs in order to design a dementia-specific model.
Narrative review of literature on (measures of) needs of patients and caregivers and HRQoL determinants important in dementia. Relating these needs to individual goal setting instruments and Maslow's Hierarchy of needs model.
The Camberwell Assessment of Needs for the Elderly (CANE) turns out to be a valid tool to assess needs of dementia patients, suitable for research and clinical use. The Carers' Needs Assessment for Dementia (CNA-D) is a valid instrument to assess needs of caregivers. Patients identified significantly fewer needs than (in)formal caregivers. The most important needs, that also determine large part of HRQoL, are need for information; support with regard to symptoms of dementia; social contact and company; and for health monitoring and safety. Goal attainment scaling in dementia is an important but not yet valid outcome measure, with only few data on feasibility in dementia patients.
There are several instruments to assess needs of dementia patients and caregivers. Domains of unmet needs and HRQoL overlap. The Hierarchy Model of Needs in Dementia (HMND) offers a new theoretical framework to address the interplay between meeting of needs and improvement of HRQoL in dementia. By identifying unmet needs in dementia-research and focussing on unmet needs in dementia-care, much can be done to improve HRQoL.
对痴呆症需求评估工具进行清单编制，探讨未满足需求与健康相关生活质量（HRQoL）之间的相互作用，并将其与马斯洛需求层次理论模型联系起来，以便设计一个专门针对痴呆症的模型。
对有关痴呆症患者和护理人员需求以及对 HRQoL 有重要影响的决定因素的（测量）文献进行叙述性综述。将这些需求与个体目标设定工具和马斯洛需求层次理论模型联系起来。
坎伯韦尔老年人需求评估（CANE）被证明是一种评估痴呆症患者需求的有效工具，适用于研究和临床应用。护理人员的痴呆症需求评估（CNA-D）是一种评估护理人员需求的有效工具。患者识别出的需求明显少于（正式）护理人员。最重要的需求，也是决定大部分 HRQoL 的需求，是对信息的需求；对痴呆症症状的支持；社会联系和陪伴；以及健康监测和安全。在痴呆症中，目标实现评分是一种重要但尚未有效的结果测量方法，在痴呆症患者中只有很少的数据关于其可行性。
有几种评估痴呆症患者和护理人员需求的工具。未满足需求和 HRQoL 的领域存在重叠。痴呆症需求层次模型（HMND）为解决满足需求与提高痴呆症 HRQoL 之间的相互作用提供了一个新的理论框架。通过在痴呆症研究中识别未满足的需求，并关注痴呆症护理中的未满足需求，可以在很大程度上提高 HRQoL。
