Bacterial Foodborne Pathogens and Mycology Research Unit, USDA-ARS-NCAUR, Peoria, IL 61604, USA.
Food Addit Contam Part A Chem Anal Control Expo Risk Assess. 2010 May;27(5):688-700. doi: 10.1080/19440040903515934.
The problems associated with mycotoxin contamination of foods and feeds are well established and, in many cases, have been known for a long time. Consequently, the techniques for detecting known mycotoxins are quite advanced and range from methods for directly detecting the toxins themselves, based upon physical characteristics of the toxins, to methods for indirectly detecting the toxins, such as immunoassays. This review focuses on recent technologies that can be used to detect mycotoxins and, as such, is not a comprehensive review of the mycotoxin analytical literature. Rather, the intent is to survey the range of technologies from those that are instrument intensive such as modern chromatographic methods to those that require no instrumentation, such as certain immunoassays and biosensors. In particular, mass spectrometric techniques using ambient ionization offer the intriguing possibility of non-destructive sampling and detection. The potential application of one such technique, desorption electrospray ionization (DESI), is demonstrated for fumonisin B(1) on maize. While methods for detecting mycotoxins are quite advanced, the need remains for assays with increased throughput, for the exploration of novel detection technologies, and for the comprehensive validation of such technologies as they continue to be developed.
与食品和饲料中霉菌毒素污染相关的问题已经得到充分证实，在许多情况下，这些问题已经存在了很长时间。因此，检测已知霉菌毒素的技术已经相当先进，范围从基于毒素物理特性的直接检测毒素本身的方法到间接检测毒素的方法，如免疫测定法。本综述重点介绍了可用于检测霉菌毒素的最新技术，因此不是对霉菌毒素分析文献的全面综述。相反，目的是调查从那些需要仪器的技术，如现代色谱方法，到那些不需要仪器的技术，如某些免疫测定法和生物传感器的范围。特别是，使用环境电离的质谱技术为非破坏性采样和检测提供了诱人的可能性。一种这样的技术，解吸电喷雾电离（DESI），在玉米上检测伏马菌素 B(1) 的应用得到了证明。虽然检测霉菌毒素的方法已经相当先进，但仍然需要具有更高通量的检测方法，需要探索新的检测技术，并在这些技术不断发展的过程中对其进行全面验证。
