Lønnebakken Mai T, Gerdts Eva
Institute of Medicine, University of Bergen and Department of Heart Disease, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway.
Recent Pat Cardiovasc Drug Discov. 2010 Jun;5(2):103-12. doi: 10.2174/157489010791515403.
Contrast echocardiography is a safe, accurate, and reproducible method to assess left ventricular volumes and function. Based on current guidelines, ultrasound contrast is indicated for left ventricular opacification at rest in patients with suboptimal echocardiographic images, and in stress echocardiography when >or= 2 adjacent segments are poorly visualised. Adding contrast for assessment of regional myocardial perfusion expands the use of echocardiography in ischemic heart disease from detection of left ventricular dysfunction at rest or during stress to assessment of myocardial ischemia, extent of myocardial necrosis and re-flow after coronary revascularisation. Myocardial perfusion also adds prognostic information to that given by structural and functional assessment alone and may reduce the need for more time consuming, expensive cardiac imaging procedures associated with radiation as well as coronary angiography with the risk of vascular complications. This article gives an overview of ultrasound contrast agents and their impact on echocardiographic assessment of ischemic heart disease also discussing recent patents.
对比超声心动图是一种评估左心室容积和功能的安全、准确且可重复的方法。根据当前指南，对于超声心动图图像欠佳的患者，超声造影可用于静息状态下左心室显影；在负荷超声心动图中，当≥2个相邻节段显示不清时也可使用。添加造影剂用于评估局部心肌灌注，将超声心动图在缺血性心脏病中的应用从检测静息或负荷状态下的左心室功能障碍扩展到评估心肌缺血、心肌坏死范围以及冠状动脉血运重建后的再灌注。心肌灌注还能为仅通过结构和功能评估所提供的预后信息增添内容，并且可能减少对耗时、昂贵且与辐射相关的心脏成像检查以及有血管并发症风险的冠状动脉造影的需求。本文概述了超声造影剂及其对缺血性心脏病超声心动图评估的影响，同时也讨论了近期的专利。
