伊朗赛马药物管制两年调查。

Department of Epidemiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.

Equine Vet J. 2010 Mar;42(2):161-3. doi: 10.2746/042516409X471449.

REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY

The present survey evaluated the use of prohibited substances cases in the first 2 years of medication regulation in horseracing in Iran so that the impact of these regulations on the level of positive cases over the period could be assessed.

OBJECTIVES

To determine the prevalence of positive tests for prohibited substances in horse races during 2 years of a drugs testing programme in Iran.

METHODS

A total of 656 horses that were winners or second in races were tested during the 2 year study. In the first year 354 horses (209 males and 145 females) and in the second year 302 horses (155 males and 147 females) were tested. In the 2 years, 306 were found to be positive. Urine samples were taken from candidate horses and sent to the Central Doping Laboratory. Blood samples were taken from those horses where a urine sample could not be taken within one hour. Detection and measurement of prohibited substances were carried out by ELISA, GC and HPLC using standard methods.

RESULTS

Thirty-two percent of males were positive for prohibited substances, which was not significantly different from the percentage of females (25.5%). In the second year, of the 302 horses tested for prohibited substances, 33.5% of males were positive, again similar to females (33.3%). Almost 83% of horses tested positive for prohibited substances once in the first year, 15% tested positive twice and 2% tested positive 3 times. In the second year 78% tested positive once, 15% tested positive twice and 7% tested positive 3 times. Morphine was the most used prohibited substance and was detected 42 times during the survey, followed by caffeine and phenylbutazone. Morphine was also the most used drug in combination with other drugs in both years.

CONCLUSIONS

Morphine and caffeine were the most popular prohibited substances found in the measurements. As these substances were found in the environment and food stuffs, their presence in the samples may be due to unintentional feeding of contaminated materials (bread, hay and chocolate).

研究目的

本调查评估了伊朗赛马药物管制实施的头 2 年中违禁物质案例的使用情况，以便评估这些规定对该期间阳性病例数量的影响。

研究目的

在伊朗药物检测计划的 2 年期间，确定赛马中违禁物质阳性检测的发生率。

研究方法

在为期 2 年的研究中，共检测了 656 匹在比赛中获胜或排名第二的赛马。第一年检测了 354 匹马（209 匹公马和 145 匹母马），第二年检测了 302 匹马（155 匹公马和 147 匹母马）。这两年共有 306 匹马检测呈阳性。候选马的尿液样本被采集并送到中央兴奋剂检测实验室。对于那些在 1 小时内无法采集尿液样本的马，采集血液样本。使用标准方法通过 ELISA、GC 和 HPLC 检测和测量违禁物质。

研究结果

32%的公马被检测出违禁物质呈阳性，与母马（25.5%）的阳性率没有显著差异。在第二年，在 302 匹接受违禁物质检测的马中，33.5%的公马呈阳性，与母马相似（33.3%）。在第一年，83%的马有一次被检测出违禁物质阳性，15%有两次，2%有三次。在第二年，78%的马有一次检测呈阳性，15%有两次，7%有三次。吗啡是使用最广泛的违禁物质，在调查期间检测到 42 次，其次是咖啡因和苯唑酮。吗啡也是这两年中与其他药物联合使用最多的药物。