饮食血糖指数和血糖负荷与 2 型糖尿病的代谢控制有关：CAPRI 经验。

Dietary glycemic index and glycemic load are associated with metabolic control in type 2 diabetes: The CAPRI experience.

机构信息

Department of Geriatrics and Metabolic Diseases, Second University of Naples, Naples, Italy.

出版信息

Metab Syndr Relat Disord. 2010 Jun;8(3):255-61. doi: 10.1089/met.2009.0096.

DOI:10.1089/met.2009.0096

PMID:20158448

Abstract

BACKGROUND

The role of low-glycemic-index diets in the treatment of diabetes mellitus remains unclear. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the association between the dietary glycemic index (GI) and glycemic load (GL) with metabolic control in type 2 diabetic patients.

METHODS

We conducted a cross-sectional analysis in 901 outpatients with type 2 diabetes attending diabetes clinics located in the area of the Campania County, South Italy, who provided complete home blood glucose profiles and centralized glycosylated hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c). Dietary information was obtained using semiquantitative food-frequency questionnaires. HbA1c was assessed in the centralized laboratory while blood glucose profiles were assessed at home.

RESULTS

After adjustment for age, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, waist-to-hip ratio, smoking, alcohol consumption, physical activity, medication use, prevalence of metabolic syndrome, hypertension, energy and fiber intake, dietary GI and GL were positively associated with HbA1c in a dose-dependent fashion (P for trend, 0.007 for GI and 0.02 for GL). Diabetic patients with the highest GI and GL had the highest HbA1c levels (difference 1%, P = 0.001). The difference in 1-h postmeal glucose levels at home between the highest and the lowest quintile of GI was 37 (15) [mean and standard deviation (SD)] mg/dL (P = 0.001).

CONCLUSIONS

Diets low in GI and GL are associated with lower HbA1c and postmeal glucose levels in the everyday life of type 2 diabetic patients.

摘要

背景

低升糖指数饮食在糖尿病治疗中的作用仍不清楚。本研究旨在评估 2 型糖尿病患者饮食升糖指数（GI）和升糖负荷（GL）与代谢控制之间的关系。

方法

我们对意大利南部坎帕尼亚县糖尿病诊所的 901 名 2 型糖尿病门诊患者进行了横断面分析，这些患者提供了完整的家庭血糖谱和集中检测的糖化血红蛋白 A1c（HbA1c）。使用半定量食物频率问卷获取饮食信息。HbA1c 在集中实验室进行评估，而家庭血糖谱则在家中进行评估。

结果

在校正年龄、体重指数（BMI）、腰围、腰臀比、吸烟、饮酒、体力活动、药物使用、代谢综合征、高血压、能量和纤维摄入、饮食 GI 和 GL 后，HbA1c 与 GI 和 GL 呈剂量依赖性正相关（趋势 P 值分别为 0.007 和 0.02）。GI 和 GL 最高的糖尿病患者的 HbA1c 水平最高（差值 1%，P = 0.001）。GI 最高和最低五分位组之间在家中 1 小时餐后血糖水平的差异为 37（15）mg/dL（P = 0.001）。