Department of Cancer Biomedical Science, National Cancer Center Graduate School of Cancer Science and Policy, Goyang-si, Republic of Korea.
Department of Cancer Biomedical Science, National Cancer Center Graduate School of Cancer Science and Policy, Goyang-si, Republic of Korea.
Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis. 2022 May;32(5):1154-1164. doi: 10.1016/j.numecd.2022.01.017. Epub 2022 Jan 19.
Accurate estimation of the glycemic index (GI) and glycemic load (GL) of diets is essential when assessing health implications of dietary GI and GL. The present study aimed to estimate dietary GI and GL utilizing the updated GI tables with a large number of new, reliable GI values and assess their associations with metabolic syndrome among Korean adults.
We analyzed data from 3317 men and 6191 women for this cross-sectional study. Dietary intake was assessed with a validated food frequency questionnaire. Metabolic syndrome and its components were defined based on the harmonized criteria with Korean-specific cutoffs for waist circumference. Multivariate logistic regression was used to estimate adjusted odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Compared with women in the lowest quintiles of energy-adjusted dietary GI and GL, women in the highest quintiles had significantly greater risks of metabolic syndrome (GI, OR = 1.56, 95% CI = 1.18-2.06; GL, OR = 1.80, 95% CI = 1.27-2.57), elevated blood pressure, reduced high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C, both GI and GL), elevated triglycerides (GI only), elevated waist circumference, and elevated fasting glucose (GL only). Among men, no significant association was noted except for a higher risk of reduced HDL-C (OR = 1.59, 95% CI = 1.01-2.29) in the highest quintile of energy-adjusted dietary GI than in the lowest quintile.
Our findings suggest that dietary GI and GL are positively associated with metabolic syndrome risk among women, but not men, in Korea.
在评估饮食 GI 和 GL 对健康的影响时，准确估计饮食的血糖生成指数 (GI) 和血糖负荷 (GL) 至关重要。本研究旨在利用包含大量新的、可靠 GI 值的更新后的 GI 表来估计膳食 GI 和 GL，并评估其与韩国成年人代谢综合征之间的关系。
我们对这项横断面研究中的 3317 名男性和 6191 名女性进行了数据分析。饮食摄入量通过经过验证的食物频率问卷进行评估。代谢综合征及其各组成部分根据与韩国特定腰围截断值一致的标准定义。使用多变量逻辑回归来估计调整后的比值比 (OR) 和 95%置信区间 (CI)。与能量调整后的膳食 GI 和 GL 最低五分位的女性相比，最高五分位的女性患代谢综合征的风险显著更高 (GI：OR=1.56，95%CI=1.18-2.06；GL：OR=1.80，95%CI=1.27-2.57)、血压升高、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇 (HDL-C，GI 和 GL 均) 降低、甘油三酯升高 (仅 GI)、腰围增大和空腹血糖升高 (仅 GL)。在男性中，除了能量调整后的膳食 GI 最高五分位的男性与最低五分位的男性相比，HDL-C 降低的风险更高 (OR=1.59，95%CI=1.01-2.29) 外，没有观察到其他显著关联。
我们的研究结果表明，在韩国，膳食 GI 和 GL 与女性而非男性的代谢综合征风险呈正相关。
