French National Institute for Transportation and Safety Research, Department of Accident Mechanism Analysis, Chemin de Croix Blanche, 13300 Salon de Provence, France.
Accid Anal Prev. 2010 Mar;42(2):726-33. doi: 10.1016/j.aap.2009.10.022. Epub 2009 Nov 27.
Unintentional injuries continue to be a serious public-health problem for children and are higher for boys than for girls, from infancy through adulthood. Literature on differential socialization concerning risky behaviors and gender stereotypes suggests that sex differences in unintentional injuries could be explained by children's differential feedback to social pressure, leading to behaviors which conform to masculine and feminine stereotypes. We made the prediction that boys' and girls' conformity with masculine stereotypes influences injury-risk behaviors among preschoolers. Masculinity score, femininity score, and injury-risk behaviors of 170 3-6-year old children (89 boys and 81 girls) were measured indirectly on two scales filled out by their parents. Results show that boys' and girls' injury-risk behaviors are predicted by masculine stereotype conformity and that girls' masculine behaviors decline with increasing age. These results underline the impact of gender-roles - and of the differential socialization associated with those roles - on sex differences in children's risky behaviors as early as the preschool period.
意外伤害仍然是儿童面临的一个严重公共卫生问题，从婴儿期到成年期，男孩的意外伤害发生率均高于女孩。关于风险行为和性别刻板印象的差异化社会化的文献表明，意外伤害方面的性别差异可以用儿童对社会压力的不同反馈来解释，导致行为符合男性和女性的刻板印象。我们预测，男孩和女孩对男性刻板印象的遵从会影响学龄前儿童的受伤风险行为。通过父母填写的两个量表，对 170 名 3-6 岁儿童（89 名男孩和 81 名女孩）的男性化得分、女性化得分和受伤风险行为进行了间接测量。结果表明，男孩和女孩的受伤风险行为受男性刻板印象遵从的预测，且女孩的男性化行为随年龄增长而下降。这些结果强调了性别角色——以及与这些角色相关的差异化社会化——对儿童风险行为的性别差异的影响，这种影响早在学龄前就已经存在。
