Haukvik Unn Kristin, Agartz Ingrid
Institutt for psykiatri, Universitetet i Oslo, Postboks 85 Vinderen, 0319 Oslo, Norway.
Tidsskr Nor Laegeforen. 2010 Feb 11;130(3):270-2. doi: 10.4045/tidsskr.09.0699.
Schizophrenia is a serious mental disease of unknown aetiology. Genetic liability is the most important risk factor. Several studies have demonstrated that pre and perinatal complications/traumas are associated with an increased risk of developing schizophrenia in adult age. The purpose of this article is to provide an overview of research on obstetric complications as risk factors for schizophrenia.
The article is based on literature identified through non-systematic searches in the databases PubMed and Embase.
The putative association between obstetric complications and schizophrenia has been investigated for almost 80 years. Numerous controlled studies have found that maternal infection (influenza, rubella, toxoplasmosis), prenatal malnutrition and birth-associated complications (such as low birth weight and asphyxia) are associated with an increased risk of developing schizophrenia. Experiments in animal models suggest that foetal hypoxia and maternal inflammatory responses may affect neuronal development. However, underlying pathophysiological mechanisms and modes of interaction with schizophrenia susceptibility genes are unknown.
An association between obstetric complications and an increased risk of schizophrenia is strongly supported by scientific evidence.
精神分裂症是一种病因不明的严重精神疾病。遗传易感性是最重要的风险因素。多项研究表明，产前和围产期并发症/创伤与成年后患精神分裂症的风险增加有关。本文旨在概述作为精神分裂症风险因素的产科并发症的研究情况。
本文基于通过在PubMed和Embase数据库中进行非系统检索所确定的文献。
产科并发症与精神分裂症之间的假定关联已被研究了近80年。大量对照研究发现，母体感染（流感、风疹、弓形虫病）、产前营养不良以及与出生相关的并发症（如低体重和窒息）与患精神分裂症的风险增加有关。动物模型实验表明，胎儿缺氧和母体炎症反应可能会影响神经元发育。然而，潜在的病理生理机制以及与精神分裂症易感基因的相互作用模式尚不清楚。
科学证据有力地支持了产科并发症与精神分裂症风险增加之间的关联。
