Department of Pharmacology, Physiology and Therapeutics, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, ND, USA.
J Alzheimers Dis. 2010;20 Suppl 1(Suppl 1):S127-41. doi: 10.3233/JAD-2010-1376.
Sporadic Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Parkinson's disease (PD) are two of the most common neurodegenerative diseases and as such they represent major public health problems. Finding effective treatments for AD and PD represents an unmet and elusive goal largely because these diseases are chronic and progressive, and have a complicated and ill-understood pathogenesis. Although the underlying mechanisms are not fully understood, caffeine, the most commonly ingested psychoactive drug in the world, has been shown in human and animal studies to be protective against AD and PD. One mechanism implicated in the pathogenesis of AD and PD is blood-brain barrier (BBB) dysfunction and we reported recently that caffeine exerts protective effects against AD and PD at least in part by keeping the BBB intact. The present review focuses on the role of BBB dysfunction in the pathogenesis of AD and PD, caffeine's protective effects against AD and PD, and potential mechanisms whereby caffeine protects against BBB leakage.
散发性阿尔茨海默病（AD）和帕金森病（PD）是两种最常见的神经退行性疾病，因此它们是主要的公共卫生问题。寻找有效的 AD 和 PD 治疗方法代表了一个未满足和难以实现的目标，主要是因为这些疾病是慢性和进行性的，其发病机制复杂且了解甚少。尽管其潜在机制尚不完全清楚，但咖啡因是世界上最常摄入的精神活性药物，在人类和动物研究中已被证明具有预防 AD 和 PD 的作用。AD 和 PD 发病机制中涉及的一个机制是血脑屏障（BBB）功能障碍，我们最近报道咖啡因通过保持 BBB 完整至少部分地发挥对 AD 和 PD 的保护作用。本综述重点介绍了 BBB 功能障碍在 AD 和 PD 发病机制中的作用、咖啡因对 AD 和 PD 的保护作用，以及咖啡因保护 BBB 渗漏的潜在机制。
