Nilsson Petra, Bringsén Asa, Andersson H Ingemar, Ejlertsson Göran
Centre of Public Health, School of Health and Society, Kristianstad University College, Kristianstad, Sweden.
Work. 2010;35(2):153-61. doi: 10.3233/WOR-2010-0967.
Instruments related to work are commonly illuminated from an ill-health perspective. The need for a concise and useable instrument in workplace health promotion governed the aim of this paper which is to present the development process and quality assessment of the Work Experience Measurement Scale (WEMS). A survey, using a questionnaire based on established theories regarding work and health, and a focus group study were performed in hospital settings in 2005 and 2006 respectively. A Principal Component Analysis (PCA) was used to statistically develop a model, and focus group interviews were made to compare quantitative and qualitative results for convergence and corroboration. The PCA resulted in a six factor model of dimensions containing items regarding management, reorganization, internal work experience, pressure of time, autonomy and supportive working conditions. In the analysis of the focus group study three themes appeared and their underlying content was compared to, and matched, with the dimensions of the PCA. The reliability, shown by weighted kappa values, ranged from 0.36 to 0.71, and adequate Cronbach's Alpha values of the dimensions were all above 0.7. The study validity, indicated by discriminant validity, with correlation values that ranged from 0.10 to 0.39, in relation to the content validity appeared to be good when the theoretical content of the WEMS was compared to the content of similar instruments. The WEMS presents a multidimensional picture of work experience. Its theoretical base and the psychometric properties give support for applicability and offer a possibility to measure trends in the work experience over time in health care settings. One intention of the WEMS is to stimulate the ability of organizations and the employees themselves to take action on improving their work experience. The conciseness of the instrument is intended to increase its usability.
与工作相关的工具通常从健康不佳的角度进行阐述。在工作场所健康促进中，需要一种简洁且实用的工具，这决定了本文的目的，即介绍工作体验测量量表（WEMS）的开发过程和质量评估。分别于2005年和2006年在医院环境中进行了一项调查，该调查使用基于有关工作与健康的既定理论的问卷，以及一项焦点小组研究。主成分分析（PCA）用于从统计学上建立一个模型，并进行焦点小组访谈以比较定量和定性结果，以实现趋同和确证。主成分分析得出了一个包含六个维度的模型，这些维度包含有关管理、重组、内部工作体验、时间压力、自主性和支持性工作条件的项目。在焦点小组研究的分析中出现了三个主题，并将其潜在内容与主成分分析的维度进行了比较和匹配。加权kappa值显示的信度范围为0.36至0.71，各维度的Cronbach's Alpha值均高于0.7，足够理想。当将WEMS的理论内容与类似工具的内容进行比较时，由判别效度表示的研究效度，其相关值范围为0.10至0.39，就内容效度而言似乎良好。WEMS呈现了工作体验的多维度图景。其理论基础和心理测量特性为适用性提供了支持，并提供了一种测量医疗保健环境中工作体验随时间变化趋势的可能性。WEMS的一个目的是激发组织和员工自身采取行动改善其工作体验的能力。该工具的简洁性旨在提高其可用性。
