Virus and Prion Diseases Research Unit, National Animal Disease Center, USDA, ARS, Ames, IA, USA.
Influenza Other Respir Viruses. 2010 Mar;4(2):53-60. doi: 10.1111/j.1750-2659.2009.00121.x.
A novel A/H1N1 was identified in the human population in North America in April 2009. The gene constellation of the virus was a combination from swine influenza A viruses (SIV) of North American and Eurasian lineages that had never before been identified in swine or other species.
The objectives were to (i) evaluate the clinical response of swine following experimental inoculation with pandemic H1N1 2009; (ii) assess serologic cross-reactivity between H1N1 2009 and contemporary SIV antisera; and (iii) develop a molecular assay to differentiate North American-lineage SIV from H1N1 2009.
Experiment 1: Weaned pigs were experimentally infected with A/California/04/2009 (H1N1). Experiment 2: The cross-reactivity of a panel of US SIV H1N1 or H1N2 antisera with three isolates of pandemic A/H1N1 was evaluated. Experiment 3: A polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based diagnostic test was developed and validated on samples from experimentally infected pigs.
In experiment 1, all inoculated pigs demonstrated clinical signs and lesions similar to those induced by endemic SIV. Viable virus and antigen were only detected in the respiratory tract. In experiment 2, serologic cross-reactivity was limited against H1N1 2009 isolates, notably among virus antisera from the same HA phylogenetic cluster. The limited cross-reactivity suggests North American pigs may not be fully protected against H1N1 2009 from previous exposure or vaccination and novel tests are needed to rapidly diagnose the introduction of H1N1 2009. In experiment 3, an RT-PCR test that discriminates between H1N1 2009 and endemic North American SIV was developed and validated on clinical samples.
一种新型的 A/H1N1 于 2009 年 4 月在北美人群中被发现。该病毒的基因组合是来自北美的猪流感病毒（SIV）和欧亚谱系的组合，这些病毒以前从未在猪或其他物种中被发现过。
本研究的目的是：（i）评估猪在感染 2009 年大流行 H1N1 后的临床反应；（ii）评估 H1N1 2009 与当代 SIV 抗血清之间的血清学交叉反应；（iii）开发一种分子检测方法来区分北美谱系 SIV 和 2009 年 H1N1。
实验 1：我们对断奶猪进行了 A/California/04/2009（H1N1）的实验感染。实验 2：评估了一组美国 SIV H1N1 或 H1N2 抗血清与三种大流行 A/H1N1 分离株的交叉反应性。实验 3：开发并验证了一种基于聚合酶链反应（PCR）的诊断检测方法，用于检测实验感染猪的样本。
在实验 1 中，所有接种的猪都表现出与地方性 SIV 引起的临床症状和病变相似的症状和病变。只有呼吸道中检测到有活力的病毒和抗原。在实验 2 中，血清学交叉反应性有限，特别是在来自同一 HA 进化枝的病毒抗血清中。这种有限的交叉反应性表明，北美猪可能没有因先前接触或接种而对 2009 年 H1N1 完全产生保护作用，因此需要新的检测方法来快速诊断 2009 年 H1N1 的引入。在实验 3 中，开发并验证了一种区分 2009 年 H1N1 和地方性北美 SIV 的 RT-PCR 检测方法。
