Plass G N, Kattawar G W, Guinn J A
Appl Opt. 1977 Mar 1;16(3):643-53. doi: 10.1364/AO.16.000643.
Time-averaged intensities are computed for the glitter pattern of sunlight on a wind-ruffled sea. Isopleths are drawn from these on graphs which simulate glitter-pattern photographs through projections of sea-surface grid points on an inclined plane assumed to be in front of the observer. The intensity computed for each grid point is based on a calculation of the wave-surface orientation required for direct reflection from source to observer at that point; the probability of occurrence of this orientation, determined from the Cox-Munk distribution, is the principal factor in the computed intensity. The curvature of the earth is taken into account, and calculations are made for various cases of source elevation angle, observer altitude, and wind speed (the controlling parameter for the distribution of wave inclinations). Percent polarization is computed for the glitter patterns, and projected isopleths of this quantity are plotted. The effects of variations in wind speed, source elevation angle, and observer height on the morphology of the glitter pattern are shown, and such phenomena as the shifting of a reflected image toward the horizon are clearly demonstrated. It is suggested that the technique developed here could be useful in evaluating models of ocean wave structure and in making remote determinations of the sea state in the region of the glitter pattern.
计算了阳光在微风拂动的海面上形成的闪光图案的时间平均强度。根据这些强度值，在通过将海面网格点投影到假定在观察者前方的倾斜平面上而模拟闪光图案照片的图表上绘制等值线。为每个网格点计算的强度基于对从该点的光源到观察者的直接反射所需的波面方向的计算；根据考克斯 - 蒙克分布确定的该方向出现的概率是计算强度的主要因素。考虑了地球的曲率，并针对光源仰角、观察者高度和风速（波倾角分布的控制参数）的各种情况进行了计算。计算了闪光图案的偏振百分比，并绘制了该量的投影等值线。展示了风速、光源仰角和观察者高度的变化对闪光图案形态的影响，并且清楚地证明了诸如反射图像向地平线移动等现象。有人认为，这里开发的技术可用于评估海浪结构模型以及对闪光图案区域的海况进行遥感测定。
