Department of Cell Differentiation, Institute of Molecular Embryology and Genetics, Kumamoto University, 2-2-1 Honjo, Kumamoto 860-0811, Japan.
Int J Hematol. 2010 Apr;91(3):384-91. doi: 10.1007/s12185-010-0519-7. Epub 2010 Feb 20.
Embryonic stem cells (ESCs) can differentiate into various types of hematopoietic cells (HPCs) when placed in an appropriate environment. Various methods for the differentiation of ESCs into specific HPC lineages have been developed using mouse ESCs. These ESC-differentiation methods have been utilized also as an in vitro model to investigate hematopoiesis in embryos and they provided critical perceptions into it. These methods have been adapted for use with human ESCs, which have the possibility of being employed in regenerative medicine; further improvement of these methods may lead to the efficient production of HPCs for use in transfusions. The generation of transplantable hematopoietic stem cells is a medical goal that is still difficult to achieve. Recently, induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells have been established from differentiated cells. Thereby, iPS cells have expanded further possibilities of the use of pluripotent stem cell lines in clinical application. Indeed, iPS cells have been established from cells with disease genes and those which have undergone reprogramming and targeting have generated phenotypically normal HPCs. Here, we mainly summarize the recent progress in research on hematopoiesis conducted with ESCs and iPS cells.
胚胎干细胞（ESCs）在适当的环境中可以分化为各种类型的造血细胞（HPCs）。已经使用小鼠 ESCs 开发了各种将 ESCs 分化为特定 HPC 谱系的方法。这些 ESC 分化方法也被用作体外模型来研究胚胎中的造血作用，并提供了对其的重要认识。这些方法已被用于人类 ESCs，它们有可能用于再生医学；这些方法的进一步改进可能会导致高效产生用于输血的 HPC。生成可移植的造血干细胞是一个仍然难以实现的医学目标。最近，已经从分化细胞中建立了诱导多能干细胞（iPS）。因此，iPS 细胞进一步扩展了多能干细胞系在临床应用中的使用可能性。事实上，已经从带有疾病基因的细胞以及经过重编程和靶向的细胞中建立了 iPS 细胞，并生成了表型正常的 HPC。在这里，我们主要总结了使用 ESCs 和 iPS 细胞进行造血研究的最新进展。
