University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.
J Subst Abuse Treat. 2010 Jun;38(4):307-16. doi: 10.1016/j.jsat.2009.12.004. Epub 2010 Feb 19.
This article examines the extent to which U.S. outpatient substance abuse treatment (OSAT) facilities provide HIV counseling and testing (C&T) to clients between 1995 and 2005. We also examine organizational and client characteristics associated with OSAT facilities' provision of HIV C&T. Data were collected from a nationally representative sample of outpatient treatment facilities in 1995 (n = 618), 2000 (n = 571), and 2005 (n = 566). Results show that in 1995, 26.8% of OSAT clients received HIV C & T; by 2005, this proportion had increased, but only to 28.8%. Further, results from random-effects interval regression analysis show that C&T is especially widespread in public and nonprofit facilities, in methadone facilities, and in units that serve injection drug users and commercial sex workers. HIV C&T was also more widespread in units that employed formal intake protocols. Despite widespread efforts to increase HIV C&T services in OSAT care, only a small and stable minority of clients receive these services. Adoption of formal intake procedures may provide one vehicle to increase provision of C&T services.
本文考察了 1995 年至 2005 年期间，美国门诊药物滥用治疗（OSAT）机构向客户提供艾滋病毒咨询和检测（C&T）的程度。我们还研究了与 OSAT 设施提供艾滋病毒 C&T 相关的组织和客户特征。数据来自 1995 年（n = 618）、2000 年（n = 571）和 2005 年（n = 566）全国代表性门诊治疗设施的抽样调查。结果表明，1995 年，26.8%的 OSAT 客户接受了艾滋病毒 C&T；到 2005 年，这一比例有所增加，但仅增加到 28.8%。此外，随机效应区间回归分析的结果表明，C&T 在公共和非营利性机构、美沙酮机构以及为注射吸毒者和性工作者服务的单位中尤其普遍。在采用正式入职协议的单位中，C&T 也更为普遍。尽管在 OSAT 护理中广泛努力增加艾滋病毒 C&T 服务，但只有一小部分稳定的客户接受这些服务。采用正式的入职程序可能是增加 C&T 服务提供的一种手段。
