Center for American Indian Health Research, College of Public Health, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, P.O. Box 26901, Oklahoma City, OK 73190, USA.
Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis. 2011 Jun;21(6):418-23. doi: 10.1016/j.numecd.2009.10.020. Epub 2010 Feb 18.
It was reported that high coffee consumption was related to decreased diabetes risk. The aim of this study is to examine the association between coffee consumption and the incidence of type 2 diabetes in persons with normal glucose tolerance in a population with a high incidence and prevalence of diabetes.
In a prospective cohort study, information about daily coffee consumption was collected at the baseline examination (1989-1992) in a population-based sample of American Indian men and women 45-74 years of age. Participants with normal glucose tolerance (N = 1141) at the baseline examination were followed for an average of 7.6 years. The incidence of diabetes was compared across the categories of daily coffee consumption. The hazard ratios of diabetes related to coffee consumption were calculated using Cox proportional hazards models, adjusted for potential confounders. Levels of coffee consumption were positively related to levels of current smoking and inversely related to body mass index, waist circumference, female gender, and hypertension. Compared to those who did not drink coffee, participants who drank 12 or more cups of coffee daily had 67% less risk of developing diabetes during the follow-up (hazard ratio: 0.33, 95% confidence interval: 0.13, 0.81).
In this population, a high level of coffee consumption was associated with a reduced risk of deterioration of glucose metabolism over an average 7.6 years of follow-up. More work is needed to understand whether there is a plausible biological mechanism for this observation.
有报道称，大量饮用咖啡与降低糖尿病风险有关。本研究旨在检验在一个糖尿病发病率和患病率均较高的人群中，对于血糖正常的个体而言，咖啡饮用量与 2 型糖尿病发病的相关性。
在一项前瞻性队列研究中，我们于基线检查（1989-1992 年）时，采用基于人群的美国印第安男女样本收集了每日咖啡饮用量的相关信息，该样本人群年龄为 45-74 岁。基线检查时血糖正常的参与者（N=1141）随访平均 7.6 年。我们根据每日咖啡饮用量的类别比较了糖尿病的发病情况。采用 Cox 比例风险模型计算了与咖啡饮用相关的糖尿病风险比，该模型调整了潜在混杂因素。咖啡饮用量与当前吸烟水平呈正相关，与体重指数、腰围、女性性别和高血压呈负相关。与不喝咖啡的参与者相比，每日饮用 12 杯或更多咖啡的参与者在随访期间发生糖尿病的风险降低了 67%（风险比：0.33，95%置信区间：0.13，0.81）。
在该人群中，高咖啡饮用量与平均 7.6 年的随访期间葡萄糖代谢恶化风险降低相关。需要进一步研究以了解这种观察结果是否存在合理的生物学机制。
