Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Faculty, Philipps University Marburg, Marburg, Germany.
J Pediatr. 2010 May;156(5):798-803, 803.e1-803.e2. doi: 10.1016/j.jpeds.2009.12.005. Epub 2010 Feb 20.
To examine whether the dopamine receptor D4 gene (DRD4) exon III VNTR moderates the risk of infants with regulatory disorders for developing attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) later in childhood.
In a prospective longitudinal study of children at risk for later psychopathology, 300 participants were assessed for regulatory problems in infancy, DRD4 genotype, and ADHD symptoms and diagnoses from childhood to adolescence. To examine a potential moderating effect on ADHD measures, linear and logistic regressions were computed. Models were fit for the main effects of the DRD4 genotype (presence or absence of the 7r allele) and regulatory problems (presence or absence), with the addition of the interaction term. All models were controlled for sex, family adversity, and obstetric risk status.
In children without the DRD4-7r allele, a history of regulatory problems in infancy was unrelated to later ADHD. But in children with regulatory problems in infancy, the additional presence of the DRD4-7r allele increased the risk for ADHD in childhood.
The DRD4 genotype seems to moderate the association between regulatory problems in infancy and later ADHD. A replication study is needed before further conclusions can be drawn, however.
探讨多巴胺受体 D4 基因（DRD4）exon III VNTR 是否调节了具有调节障碍的婴儿在儿童后期发展为注意缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）的风险。
在一项针对具有潜在精神病理学风险的儿童的前瞻性纵向研究中，对 300 名参与者进行了评估，以了解婴儿期的调节问题、DRD4 基因型以及儿童期至青春期的 ADHD 症状和诊断。为了检验 ADHD 测量的潜在调节作用，进行了线性和逻辑回归分析。为了检验 DRD4 基因型（7r 等位基因的存在或缺失）和调节问题（存在或缺失）的主效应，构建了模型，并添加了交互项。所有模型均控制了性别、家庭逆境和产科风险状况。
在没有 DRD4-7r 等位基因的儿童中，婴儿期的调节问题与后期的 ADHD 无关。但是，在具有婴儿期调节问题的儿童中，DRD4-7r 等位基因的额外存在增加了儿童时期患 ADHD 的风险。
DRD4 基因型似乎调节了婴儿期调节问题与后期 ADHD 之间的关联。然而，需要进一步的复制研究来得出更明确的结论。
