Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University Hospital 'Virgen de las Nieves', Granada, Spain.
Fetal Diagn Ther. 2010;27(2):61-7. doi: 10.1159/000287588. Epub 2010 Feb 18.
Ultrasound may play an important role in the management of labor and delivery. Induction of labor is a common obstetric intervention, performed in about 20% of pregnancies. Pre-induction cervical length, measured by transvaginal sonography, has been shown to have a significant association with the induction-to-delivery interval and the risk for cesarean section. In the management of labor there is extensive evidence that digital pelvic examination does not provide accurate assessment of the position and descend of the fetal head both during the first but also in the second stage of labor. Several recent studies using both two- and three-dimensional ultrasound have now described objective measures of progression of the fetal head during labor. In instrumental deliveries an important determinant of a successful and safe use of vacuum and forceps is the correct determination of the fetal head position and appropriate application of the instrument. However, ultrasound studies have shown that digital examination before instrumental delivery fails to identify the correct fetal position in a high proportion of cases. The use of ultrasound is of crucial importance in performing a safe operative delivery and can help in the prediction of whether a vaginal delivery would be successful.
超声在产程管理中可能发挥重要作用。引产是一种常见的产科干预措施，约 20%的妊娠需要进行该操作。经阴道超声测量的宫颈长度与引产至分娩的时间间隔以及剖宫产风险有显著相关性。在产程管理中，大量证据表明，数字骨盆检查并不能准确评估胎头在第一产程和第二产程中的位置和下降情况。最近的几项研究使用二维和三维超声，现已描述了产程中胎头进展的客观测量方法。在器械分娩中，成功和安全使用真空吸引和产钳的一个重要决定因素是正确确定胎头位置和正确应用器械。然而，超声研究表明，在器械分娩前进行的数字检查并不能在很大比例的情况下识别出正确的胎儿位置。在进行安全的手术分娩时，超声的使用至关重要，它有助于预测阴道分娩是否成功。
