Behavioural Science Institute, Radboud University Nijmegen, P.O. Box 9104, 6500 HE Nijmegen, the Netherlands.
J Fam Psychol. 2010 Feb;24(1):68-77. doi: 10.1037/a0018182.
This study examined if the effects of peer smoking, family smoking, and parenting on smoking development during adolescence are moderated by personality characteristics of adolescents. Longitudinal data were obtained from 428 adolescents (aged M = 13.4, SD = .50) and their parents. Latent Growth Curve models assessed the development of smoking as a function of predictors and if effects of smoking-specific parenting and exposure to smoking were moderated by adolescents' Big Five personality dimensions. Findings revealed that having peers who smoked was associated with an increased likelihood of being a smoker at baseline. Further, significant interactions revealed that adolescents lower in agreeableness were more likely to be a smoker at baseline if they had an older sibling who smoked or if their parents engaged in frequent smoking-related discussions with them and that effective smoking-specific conversation was more strongly related to smoking at baseline among adolescents who were highly emotionally stable. No interactions predicted growth in smoking over time yet significant main effects showed that growth in smoking was associated with higher levels of extraversion, lower levels of emotional stability, and less effective parental smoking-specific communication. This study highlights the relevance of personality-target interventions and policy programs directed at parents and peers.
本研究考察了青少年的同伴吸烟、家庭吸烟和父母吸烟对青少年吸烟发展的影响是否受到青少年个性特征的调节。研究数据来自 428 名青少年（年龄 M = 13.4，SD =.50）及其父母。潜在增长曲线模型评估了吸烟的发展，以预测吸烟特定的父母教养和吸烟暴露是否受到青少年五大人格维度的调节。研究结果表明，有吸烟同伴会增加青少年在基线时成为吸烟者的可能性。此外，显著的交互作用表明，如果青少年的兄弟姐妹吸烟或父母经常与他们进行与吸烟有关的讨论，那么青少年的随和性较低，他们在基线时成为吸烟者的可能性就越大，而且在情绪稳定度较高的青少年中，有效的吸烟特定对话与吸烟在基线时的关联更为密切。虽然没有交互作用可以预测吸烟随时间的增长，但显著的主要效应表明，吸烟的增长与外向性水平较高、情绪稳定性水平较低以及父母吸烟特定沟通效果较差有关。这项研究强调了针对父母和同伴的以个性为目标的干预和政策计划的相关性。
