Department of Human Anatomy, University of Nairobi, Nairobi, Kenya.
J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 2010 Oct;140(4):797-800. doi: 10.1016/j.jtcvs.2009.11.023. Epub 2010 Feb 21.
We sought to describe the regional, age, and sex distribution; diagnosis; treatment; and outcome of aortic aneurysms in a Kenyan population.
This was a retrospective study at Kenyatta National Hospital, Kenya. Records of black African patients whose final diagnosis was aortic aneurysm over the period from January 1998 to December 2007 were examined. Frequencies and means are presented in tables and bar charts.
Two hundred sixty-four (92 male and 172 female patients) files were analyzed. The mean age was 56.15 years. Two hundred twenty-three (84.5%) aneurysms occurred in the abdominal aorta, followed by the descending aorta (7.5%), ascending aorta, (3.8%) and arch (1.9%). In 2.3% of cases, both the abdominal and thoracic aortas were affected. The male/female ratio was 1:1.9. Pain with swelling or a pulsatile mass was the predominant feature. More than 50% of the cases were diagnosed by means of ultrasonographic analysis. Sixty-one (23.1%) aneurysms were ruptured, and of this group, 44 (72.1%) patients died. Successful open surgical repair was done in 157 (59.5%) patients. Hypertension was a comorbidity in 137 (51.9%) cases.
Aortic aneurysms in Kenya show abdominal segment and female predominance, occur 10 to 15 years earlier than in white populations, and carry high mortality from rupture. Hypertension was the leading associated risk factor. Ultrasonographic screening and control of blood pressure might be useful preventive measures.
描述肯尼亚人群中主动脉瘤的地域、年龄和性别分布、诊断、治疗和结局。
这是肯尼亚肯雅塔国家医院的一项回顾性研究。检查了 1998 年 1 月至 2007 年 12 月期间最终诊断为主动脉瘤的黑人患者的病历。表和条形图中呈现了频率和平均值。
分析了 264 份（92 名男性和 172 名女性患者）病历。平均年龄为 56.15 岁。223 例（84.5%）动脉瘤发生在腹主动脉，其次是降主动脉（7.5%）、升主动脉（3.8%）和主动脉弓（1.9%）。在 2.3%的病例中，腹主动脉和胸主动脉均受影响。男女比例为 1:1.9。肿胀或搏动性肿块伴疼痛是主要特征。超过 50%的病例通过超声分析诊断。61 例（23.1%）动脉瘤破裂，其中 44 例（72.1%）患者死亡。157 例（59.5%）患者成功进行了开放手术修复。137 例（51.9%）患者存在高血压合并症。
肯尼亚的主动脉瘤以腹段和女性为主，比白人早 10 至 15 年发生，破裂导致的死亡率很高。高血压是主要的相关危险因素。超声筛查和血压控制可能是有用的预防措施。
