Institute of Forensic Medicine, University of Bonn, Stiftsplatz 12, Bonn, Germany.
Forensic Sci Int. 2010 May 20;198(1-3):92-6. doi: 10.1016/j.forsciint.2010.01.010. Epub 2010 Feb 21.
Fatal falls are frequent and inhomogeneous events and affect every age. The criminalistic classification can often only be done on the basis of extensive investigations and the autopsy results. We retrospectively surveyed 291 cases of fatal falls on which a post-mortem examination had been carried out in the institutes of Forensic Medicine in Bonn and Greifswald. In large part, these cases are falls from height (n=123) and ground-level falls (n=122). These are compared to fatal falls down a stairs (n=46); the analysis is confined to injuries to the cranium. In ground-level falls the injury pattern in falls under the influence of alcohol differs from that of falls with no alcohol in the case history: all injuries are seen in higher relative frequency in casualties after the consumption of alcohol. In falls from height, the previous consumption of alcohol did not influence the injury pattern; the intracranial traumas are seen in decreasing frequency with increasing heights. The aim of this retrospective analysis is to present injury patterns and influencing factors like fall heights and alcohol for the different kinds of falls on the basis of our collective and to demonstrate similarities and differences between the subgroups.
致命性跌倒事件频繁且具有异质性，影响各个年龄段的人群。犯罪学分类通常只能在广泛调查和尸检结果的基础上进行。我们回顾性调查了在波恩和格赖夫斯瓦尔德法医研究所进行尸检的 291 例致命性跌倒案例。这些案例中大部分是高处坠落（n=123）和地面跌倒（n=122）。这些案例与楼梯上的致命性跌倒（n=46）进行了比较；分析仅限于颅骨损伤。在地面跌倒中，有酒精影响的跌倒和无酒精影响的跌倒的损伤模式不同：在有酒精摄入的情况下，所有损伤的相对发生率都更高。在高处坠落中，之前的酒精摄入并没有影响损伤模式；随着坠落高度的增加，颅内创伤的发生率呈下降趋势。本回顾性分析旨在基于我们的集体数据，呈现不同类型跌倒的损伤模式和影响因素，如跌倒高度和酒精，并展示亚组之间的相似性和差异性。
