Cosyn Jan, De Bruyn Hugo
Université de Gand, Ecole de Médecine Dentaire, Service de Parodontologie & d'Implantologie Orale, De Pintelaan 185, B-9000 Gand, Belgique.
Rev Belge Med Dent (1984). 2009 Oct-Dec;64(4):160-72.
The principle of 'guided bone regeneration' was first described in 1988 on the basis of animal-experimental data. Six weeks after transmandibular defects had been created and protected by non-resorbable teflonmembranes, complete bone regeneration was found. The technique was based on the selective repopulation of the wound: every infiltration of cells outside the neighbouring bone tissue was prevented by the application of the membrane. Additional animal experiments showed that guided bone regeneration was a viable treatment option for local bone defects surrounding dental implants. Clinical practice, however, showed that premature membrane exposure was a common complication, which was responsible for a tremendous reduction in regenerated bone volume. In addition, a second surgical intervention was always necessary to remove the membrane. As a result, resorbable alternatives were developed. Since these are less rigid, bone fillers are usually used simultaneously. These comprise autogenous bone chips and bone substitutes from allogenic or xenogenic origine. Also alloplastic materials could be used for this purpose. Based on their characteristics this article provides an overview of the biomaterials that could be considered for guided bone regeneration. Specific attention goes to their application in clinical practice.
“引导骨再生”原理于1988年首次基于动物实验数据被描述。在经下颌骨缺损通过不可吸收的聚四氟乙烯膜制造并保护六周后，发现了完全的骨再生。该技术基于伤口的选择性再填充：通过应用该膜防止相邻骨组织外的细胞的任何浸润。额外的动物实验表明，引导骨再生是牙种植体周围局部骨缺损的一种可行治疗选择。然而，临床实践表明，膜过早暴露是一种常见并发症，这导致再生骨体积大幅减少。此外，总是需要进行第二次手术干预来移除该膜。因此，开发了可吸收的替代物。由于它们的刚性较小，通常同时使用骨填充剂。这些包括自体骨屑和来自同种异体或异种来源的骨替代物。也可以使用异质材料用于此目的。基于它们的特性，本文概述了可考虑用于引导骨再生的生物材料。特别关注它们在临床实践中的应用。
