Division of Viral Hepatitis, National Center for HIV, Hepatitis, STD, and TB Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia 301333, USA.
Clin Infect Dis. 2010 Apr 1;50(7):1006-10. doi: 10.1086/651077.
Outbreaks of infection with hepatitis E virus (HEV) are frequently attributed to contaminated drinking water, even if direct evidence for this is lacking.
We conducted several epidemiologic investigations during a large HEV infection outbreak in Uganda.
Of 10,535 residents, 3218 had HEV infection; of these, 2531 lived in households with >1 case. HEV was not detected in drinking water or zoonotic sources. Twenty-five percent of cases occurred > or = 8 weeks after onset of hepatitis in an index case in the household. Households with > or = 2 cases were more likely to have a member(s) who attended a funeral, had close contact with a jaundiced person, or washed hands in a common basin with others (P < .05 for all).
A high attack rate in households, lack of a common source of infection, and poor hygienic practices in households with > or = 2 cases suggest person-to-person transmission of HEV during this outbreak.
戊型肝炎病毒（HEV）感染的爆发通常归因于受污染的饮用水，但缺乏直接证据。
我们在乌干达的一次大规模 HEV 感染爆发期间进行了几项流行病学调查。
在 10535 名居民中，有 3218 人感染了 HEV；其中 2531 人居住在有> 1 例病例的家庭中。饮用水或人畜共患来源均未检测到 HEV。25%的病例发生在家庭中首例病例出现肝炎>或= 8 周后。有>或= 2 例病例的家庭更有可能有成员参加葬礼、与黄疸患者密切接触或与他人共用盆洗手（所有 P <.05）。
家庭中高发病率、缺乏共同感染源以及有>或= 2 例病例的家庭中卫生习惯不佳表明，在此次爆发期间，HEV 存在人与人之间的传播。
