Department of Psychiatry, Diakonhjemmet Hospital, Oslo, Norway.
Psychiatry Res. 2010 May 15;177(1-2):228-34. doi: 10.1016/j.psychres.2010.01.007. Epub 2010 Feb 23.
The high rate of drug abuse among patients with psychosis represents a challenge to clinicians in their treatment of the patients. Powerful screening tools to detect problematic drug use in an early phase of psychotic illness are needed. The aim of the present study was to investigate prevalence of drug use disorders and psychometric properties of the Alcohol Use Disorder Identification Test (AUDIT) and the Drug Use Disorder Identification Test (DUDIT) in 205 first-episode psychosis patients in Oslo, Norway. Internal consistency of the instruments and criterion-based validity as compared to a current DSM-IV diagnosis of abuse or dependence of alcohol or other drugs were analyzed. Fifteen percent of the men and 11% of the women had a DSM-IV diagnosis of alcohol use disorders while 33% of the men and 16% of the women had non-alcohol drug use disorders. The instruments were reliable (Cronbach's alpha above 0.90) and valid (Area under the curve above 0.83). Suitable cut-off scores (sensitivity >0.80 and specificity >0.70) were ten for men and eight for women on AUDIT and three for men and one for women on DUDIT. The results of this study suggest that AUDIT and DUDIT are powerful screening instruments for detecting alcohol and other drug use disorders in patients with first-episode psychosis.
精神疾病患者的药物滥用率很高，这对临床医生的治疗提出了挑战。需要强有力的筛查工具来检测精神病早期的药物滥用问题。本研究旨在调查挪威奥斯陆 205 名首发精神疾病患者的药物使用障碍患病率，以及酒精使用障碍识别测试 (AUDIT) 和药物使用障碍识别测试 (DUDIT) 的心理测量特性。分析了这些工具的内部一致性以及与当前 DSM-IV 酒精或其他药物滥用或依赖诊断的标准效度。15%的男性和 11%的女性被诊断为酒精使用障碍，而 33%的男性和 16%的女性患有非酒精药物使用障碍。这些工具具有可靠性（克朗巴赫α系数高于 0.90）和有效性（曲线下面积高于 0.83）。AUDIT 的男性和女性分别为 10 和 8，DUDIT 的男性和女性分别为 3 和 1，具有合适的截断值（敏感性>0.80，特异性>0.70）。本研究结果表明，AUDIT 和 DUDIT 是检测首发精神疾病患者酒精和其他药物使用障碍的有力筛查工具。
