[Mutation of the USP26 gene in spermatogenesis dysfunction].

The ubiquitin specific protease 26 (USP26) gene is located at Xq26.2 and present as a single exon on the X chromosome encoding for a protein of 913 amino acids. It belongs to a large family of deubiquitinating enzymes, and is exclusively expressed in the testis. There are conflicting reports on whether mutations in USP26 are associated with male infertility. This article updates the researches on the USP26 gene, its complicated relationship with male spermatogenesis dysfunction, the role of its mutation in male infertility, its geographical or ethnic distribution, and its evolution.