中年 2 型糖尿病男性患者的反应抑制能力下降。
Decreased response inhibition in middle-aged male patients with type 2 diabetes.
机构信息
Faculty of Human Sciences, Waseda University, 2-579-15 Mikashima, Tokorozawa-shi, Saitama 359-1192, Japan.
出版信息
Biopsychosoc Med. 2010 Feb 11;4(1):1. doi: 10.1186/1751-0759-4-1.
BACKGROUND
This study was performed to examine whether patients with type 2 diabetes have cognitive deficits associated with the prefrontal cortex (PFC).
METHODS
Twenty-seven middle-aged patients with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes and 27 healthy controls underwent physical measurements and neuropsychological tasks. Response inhibition, reward prediction, and executive function were assessed by the Go/NoGo task, the reversal and extinction tasks, and the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST). To examine the interactions of being overweight with diabetes on cognitive performance, performance data were analysed by two-way ANCOVA with diabetes and overweight as factors and age as a covariate.
RESULTS
Patients with type 2 diabetes showed significantly decreased response inhibition in the Go/NoGo task (discriminability index: P = 0.001). There was an interaction of being overweight with diabetes on reaction time in the Go trials of the Go/NoGo task (P = 0.009). Being overweight was related to retained responses to the presentiment of reward in the extinction task (P = 0.029). The four groups showed normal cognitive performance in the WCST.
CONCLUSIONS
Our results showed that middle-aged, newly diagnosed and medication-free patients with type 2 diabetes have a particular neuropsychological deficit in inhibitory control of impulsive response, which is an independent effect of diabetes apart from being overweight.
背景
本研究旨在探讨 2 型糖尿病患者是否存在与前额叶皮层（PFC）相关的认知缺陷。
方法
27 名中年初诊 2 型糖尿病患者和 27 名健康对照者接受了体格检查和神经心理学测试。通过 Go/NoGo 任务、反转和消退任务以及威斯康星卡片分类测试（WCST）评估反应抑制、奖励预测和执行功能。为了研究超重与糖尿病对认知表现的交互作用，通过双向协方差分析（ANCOVA）对表现数据进行分析，以糖尿病和超重为因素，年龄为协变量。
结果
2 型糖尿病患者在 Go/NoGo 任务中表现出明显的反应抑制降低（辨别指数：P = 0.001）。在 Go/NoGo 任务的 Go 试验中，超重与糖尿病对反应时间存在交互作用（P = 0.009）。超重与消退任务中对奖励预感的保留反应有关（P = 0.029）。四个组在 WCST 中表现出正常的认知表现。
结论
我们的结果表明，中年、初诊且未服药的 2 型糖尿病患者在冲动反应的抑制控制方面存在特定的神经心理学缺陷，这是糖尿病的独立影响，与超重无关。
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