Sandborg Michael, Althén Jonas Nilsson, Gustafsson Agnetha
Department of Medical Radiation Physics, Linköping University Hospital and Center for Medical Image Science and Visualisation, Linköping University, SE58185 Linköping, Sweden.
Radiat Prot Dosimetry. 2010 Apr-May;139(1-3):410-7. doi: 10.1093/rpd/ncq065. Epub 2010 Feb 24.
Owners of imaging modalities using ionising radiation should have a documented quality assurance (QA) program, as well as methods to justify new radiological procedures to ensure safe operation and adequate clinical image quality. This includes having a system for correcting divergences, written imaging protocols, assessment of patient and staff absorbed doses and a documented education and training program. In this work, how some aspects on QA have been implemented in the County of Ostergötland in Sweden, and efforts to standardise and automate the process as an integrated part of the radiology and nuclear medicine QA programs were reviewed. Some key performance parameters have been identified by a Swedish task group of medical physicists to give guidance on selecting relevant QA methods. These include low-contrast resolution, image homogeneity, automatic exposure control, calibration of air kerma-area product metres and patient-dose data registration in the radiological information system, as well as the quality of reading stations and of the transfer of images to the picture archive and communication system. IT-driven methods to automatically assess patient doses and other data on all examinations are being developed and evaluated as well as routines to assess clinical image quality by use of European quality criteria. By assessing both patient absorbed doses and clinical image quality on a routine basis, the medical physicists in our region aim to be able to spend more time on imaging optimisation and less time on periodic testing of the technical performance of the equipment, particularly on aspects that show very few divergences. The role of the Medical Physics Expert is rapidly developing towards a person doing advanced data-analysis and giving scientific support rather than one performing mainly routine periodic measurements. It is concluded that both the European Council directive and the rapid development towards more complex diagnostic imaging systems and procedures support this changing role of the medical physics professional.
使用电离辐射的成像设备所有者应制定书面质量保证（QA）计划，以及证明新的放射学程序合理性的方法，以确保安全操作和获得足够的临床图像质量。这包括建立偏差校正系统、书面成像协议、评估患者和工作人员的吸收剂量以及制定书面教育和培训计划。在这项工作中，回顾了瑞典东约特兰省在QA的某些方面是如何实施的，以及将该过程标准化和自动化作为放射学和核医学QA计划的一个组成部分所做的努力。瑞典医学物理专家任务组确定了一些关键性能参数，为选择相关QA方法提供指导。这些参数包括低对比度分辨率、图像均匀性、自动曝光控制、空气比释动能面积乘积仪的校准以及放射学信息系统中的患者剂量数据记录，以及阅片站的质量和图像传输到图像存档与通信系统的质量。正在开发和评估由信息技术驱动的自动评估所有检查的患者剂量和其他数据的方法，以及使用欧洲质量标准评估临床图像质量的程序。通过定期评估患者吸收剂量和临床图像质量，我们地区的医学物理专家旨在能够将更多时间用于成像优化，而将更少时间用于设备技术性能的定期测试，特别是那些差异很小的方面。医学物理专家的角色正在迅速发展，从主要进行常规定期测量的人员转变为进行高级数据分析并提供科学支持的人员。结论是，欧洲理事会指令以及向更复杂的诊断成像系统和程序的快速发展都支持医学物理专业人员角色的这种转变。
