Center for Neurologic Diseases, Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
J Alzheimers Dis. 2010;20(4):981-90. doi: 10.3233/JAD-2010-1412.
The amyloid-beta protein (Abeta)-containing neuritic plaques and hyperphosphorylated tau-containing neurofibrillary tangles are two invariable characteristics of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Three genes encoding amyloid-beta protein precursor (AbetaPP), presenilin (PS) 1 and 2 are linked to early onset familial AD, and the apolipoprotein E (ApoE) epsilon4 allele is a major risk factor for sporadic AD. The zebrafish AbetaPP, PS, and ApoE genes have been identified, and the essential components of the gamma-secretase complex that mediates cleavage of AbetaPP to generate Abeta have been examined in zebrafish. A transgenic zebrafish expressing mutant tau has been created, and the transgenic animals exhibit a neurodegeneration phenotype. The use of zebrafish as a model system for AD research has expanded our knowledge of Abeta and tau.
淀粉样β蛋白（Abeta）含有的神经突斑块和过度磷酸化的tau 含有的神经纤维缠结是阿尔茨海默病（AD）的两个不变特征。三个编码淀粉样β蛋白前体（AbetaPP）、早老素（PS）1 和 2 的基因与早发性家族性 AD 有关，载脂蛋白 E（ApoE）epsilon4 等位基因是散发性 AD 的主要危险因素。斑马鱼 AbetaPP、PS 和 ApoE 基因已被鉴定，并且在斑马鱼中检查了介导 AbetaPP 切割生成 Abeta 的γ-分泌酶复合物的基本成分。已经创建了表达突变 tau 的转基因斑马鱼，并且转基因动物表现出神经退行性表型。将斑马鱼用作 AD 研究的模型系统扩展了我们对 Abeta 和 tau 的认识。
