Ryan Matthew W, Davis Laurie S
Department of Otolaryngology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390-9035, USA.
Curr Opin Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2010 Jun;18(3):200-5. doi: 10.1097/MOO.0b013e3283382082.
The cause of nasal polyp disease remains controversial. Examination of the T lymphocytes involved in nasal polyp inflammation may lead to an improved understanding of the cause, prognosis, and treatment of chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyposis.
T lymphocytes are important directors of the inflammatory process in allergic rhinitis and asthma, but the role of T lymphocytes in chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyposis has not been thoroughly investigated. The T lymphocyte infiltrate in nasal polyps may vary based upon genetic factors, polyp histology, or the presence of asthma/atopy. Staphylococcal enterotoxins, which are known to activate T cells, stimulate proinflammatory cytokine secretion by nasal polyp cells, whereas regulatory cytokines are not similarly up regulated by enterotoxin exposure. The inflammation in nasal polyps may be related to deficient function of regulatory T cells. New data on staphylococcal enterotoxins and regulatory T cells point to possible roles for T cells in chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyposis.
Further study of the T cell compartment in nasal polyps may lead to a better understanding of the intrinsic and extrinsic factors responsible for nasal polyp inflammation.
鼻息肉病的病因仍存在争议。对参与鼻息肉炎症的T淋巴细胞进行研究，可能有助于更好地理解慢性鼻窦炎伴鼻息肉的病因、预后及治疗方法。
T淋巴细胞是变应性鼻炎和哮喘炎症过程的重要调控者，但T淋巴细胞在慢性鼻窦炎伴鼻息肉中的作用尚未得到充分研究。鼻息肉中的T淋巴细胞浸润可能因遗传因素、息肉组织学类型或哮喘/特应性的存在而有所不同。已知可激活T细胞的葡萄球菌肠毒素能刺激鼻息肉细胞分泌促炎细胞因子，而调节性细胞因子不会因接触肠毒素而同样上调。鼻息肉中的炎症可能与调节性T细胞功能缺陷有关。关于葡萄球菌肠毒素和调节性T细胞的新数据表明T细胞在慢性鼻窦炎伴鼻息肉中可能发挥作用。
对鼻息肉中T细胞区室的进一步研究可能有助于更好地理解导致鼻息肉炎症的内在和外在因素。
