Department of Psychology, Open University of the Netherlands, Heerlen, The Netherlands.
Ann Behav Med. 2010 May;39(2):139-50. doi: 10.1007/s12160-010-9166-8.
Important health benefits can be derived when low-cost (e.g., computer-tailored) physical activity interventions for older adults demonstrate sustained effects.
The purpose of the study was to conduct in-depth analysis on the long-term efficacy of two tailored physical activity interventions for older adults.
A randomized controlled trial (n = 1,971) with two computer-tailored interventions and a no-intervention control group was conducted. The two tailored interventions consisted of three tailored letters, delivered during 4 months. The basic tailored intervention targeted psychosocial determinants alone, while the environmentally tailored intervention additionally targeted environmental determinants, by providing tailored environmental information. Self-reported behaviors (i.e., total physical activity, transport walking and cycling, leisure walking and cycling, and sports) were measured at baseline and 12 months. Additionally, potential personal, health-related, and psychosocial moderators of the intervention effects were examined.
The environmentally tailored intervention was effective in changing total physical activity, leisure cycling, and sports compared with the basic intervention and control group. No intervention effects were found for the basic intervention. Moderation analysis revealed that participants with a higher age, lower body mass index, and higher intention were unresponsive to the interventions.
Providing environmental information is an effective intervention strategy for increasing physical activity behaviors among older adults, especially among certain "at-risk" subgroups such as lower educated, overweight, or insufficiently active participants. Moderation analysis was perceived as a promising method for identifying meaningful subgroups that are unaffected by an intervention, which should receive special attention in future interventions.
当针对老年人的低成本（例如，基于计算机的）身体活动干预措施能够持续产生效果时，可以带来重要的健康益处。
本研究旨在对两种针对老年人的定制身体活动干预措施的长期效果进行深入分析。
一项随机对照试验（n=1971），包括两种基于计算机的干预措施和一个无干预对照组。两种定制干预措施均由三封定制信件组成，在 4 个月内发送。基本定制干预措施仅针对心理社会决定因素，而环境定制干预措施则通过提供定制的环境信息来进一步针对环境决定因素。在基线和 12 个月时测量自我报告的行为（即总身体活动、交通步行和骑行、休闲步行和骑行、和运动）。此外，还检查了干预效果的潜在个人、健康相关和心理社会调节因素。
与基本干预措施和对照组相比，环境定制干预措施在改变总身体活动、休闲骑行和运动方面更为有效。基本干预措施未发现干预效果。调节分析表明，年龄较高、体重指数较低、意图较高的参与者对干预措施无反应。
提供环境信息是一种有效的干预策略，可以增加老年人的身体活动行为，尤其是在某些“高风险”亚组中，如教育程度较低、超重或活动不足的参与者。调节分析被认为是一种识别不受干预影响的有意义亚组的有前途的方法，应在未来的干预中特别关注。
