Open University of the Netherlands, Department of Psychology, PO Box 2960, 6401 DL, Heerlen, The Netherlands.
Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act. 2009 Dec 8;6:83. doi: 10.1186/1479-5868-6-83.
The aim of this study was to explore the working mechanisms of a computer tailored physical activity intervention for older adults with environmental information compared to a basic tailored intervention without environmental information.
A clustered randomized controlled trial with two computer tailored interventions and a no-intervention control group was conducted among 1971 adults aged >/= 50. The two tailored interventions were developed using Intervention Mapping and consisted of three tailored letters delivered over a four-month period. The basic tailored intervention targeted psychosocial determinants alone, while the environmentally tailored intervention additionally targeted environmental determinants, by providing tailored environmental information. Study outcomes were collected with questionnaires at baseline, three and six months and comprised total physical activity (days/week), walking (min/week), cycling (min/week), sports (min/week), environmental perceptions and use and appreciation of the interventions.
Mediation analyses showed that changes in cycling, sports and total physical activity behaviour induced by the environmentally tailored intervention were mediated by changes in environmental perceptions. Changes in environmental perceptions did not mediate the effect of the basic tailored intervention on behaviour. Compared with the basic tailored intervention, the environmentally tailored intervention significantly improved cycling behaviour (tau = 30.2). Additionally, the tailored letters of the environmentally tailored intervention were better appreciated and used, although these differences did not mediate the intervention effect.
This study gave some first indications of the relevance of environmental perceptions as a determinant of changing physical activity behaviours and the potential effectiveness of providing environmental information as an intervention strategy aimed at enhancing physical activity behaviour among older adults.
本研究旨在探索针对环境信息的计算机量身定制体育活动干预措施与基本量身定制干预措施（无环境信息）对老年人的工作机制。
采用两部分计算机量身定制干预措施和无干预对照组的集群随机对照试验，对 1971 名年龄大于等于 50 岁的成年人进行了研究。两种量身定制的干预措施均采用干预映射法开发，包括在四个月内发送的三封个性化信件。基本量身定制干预措施仅针对心理社会决定因素，而环境量身定制干预措施则通过提供个性化的环境信息，进一步针对环境决定因素。研究结果在基线、三个月和六个月时通过问卷收集，包括总体育活动（每周天数）、步行（每周分钟）、骑自行车（每周分钟）、运动（每周分钟）、环境感知以及对干预措施的使用和欣赏。
中介分析表明，环境量身定制干预措施引起的骑自行车、运动和总体育活动行为的变化是由环境感知的变化介导的。基本量身定制干预措施对行为的影响并没有中介环境感知的变化。与基本量身定制干预措施相比，环境量身定制干预措施显著改善了骑自行车行为（tau = 30.2）。此外，环境量身定制干预措施的个性化信件得到了更好的欣赏和使用，尽管这些差异并没有调节干预效果。
本研究初步表明环境感知作为改变体育活动行为的决定因素的相关性，以及提供环境信息作为旨在增强老年人体育活动行为的干预策略的潜在有效性。
