Jähne A, Cohrs S, Rodenbeck A, Andreas S, Loessl B, Feige B, Kloepfer C, Hornyak M, Riemann D
Abteilung für Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie, Universitätsklinikum Freiburg, Freiburg, Deutschland.
Nervenarzt. 2010 Jul;81(7):844-59. doi: 10.1007/s00115-009-2926-7.
Nicotine, by its impact on several neurotransmitter systems, influences sleep. Sleep disturbance is a common symptom in different psychiatric disorders and there is a high prevalence of smoking in psychiatric patients.
Systematic literature search.
Symptoms of insomnia are observed during nicotine consumption and its withdrawal. The effects of therapeutic nicotine substitution after smoking cessation on sleep are often masked by withdrawal symptoms. Depressive non-smokers experience an improvement of mood under nicotine administration and in turn, depressive symptoms and sleep impairment during nicotine withdrawal have a negative impact on abstinence rates.
Sleep disturbance is a comorbid risk factor influencing abstinence during smoking cessation. In depressive patients the complex relationship between affect, sleep, nicotine consumption and its withdrawal should be carefully monitored. In such subgroups of smokers willing to quit this has to be taken care of in therapeutic interventions.
尼古丁通过对多种神经递质系统的影响来干扰睡眠。睡眠障碍是不同精神疾病中的常见症状，且精神科患者的吸烟率很高。
系统的文献检索。
在摄入尼古丁及其戒断期间会观察到失眠症状。戒烟后治疗性尼古丁替代对睡眠的影响常被戒断症状所掩盖。抑郁的非吸烟者在使用尼古丁时情绪会有所改善，反之，尼古丁戒断期间的抑郁症状和睡眠障碍对戒烟率有负面影响。
睡眠障碍是影响戒烟期间戒断的一个共病风险因素。对于抑郁患者，应仔细监测情绪、睡眠、尼古丁摄入及其戒断之间的复杂关系。在愿意戒烟的此类吸烟者亚组中，治疗干预必须考虑到这一点。
