Lowe L B, Ball G J, Carruthers V R, Dobos R C, Lynch G A, Moate P J, Poole P R, Valentine S C
Elanco Products Company, West Ryde, New South Wales.
Aust Vet J. 1991 Jan;68(1):17-20. doi: 10.1111/j.1751-0813.1991.tb09834.x.
Monensin, a polyether ionophore antibiotic, is potentially an important agent for bloat relief in dairy cows grazing temperate legume-based pasture. A series of studies was undertaken to determine the effect of monensin, when delivered continuously in the rumen of lactating dairy cows by means of controlled-release capsules (monensin CRC). Such devices release approximately 300 mg/head/day for 100 d. A short-term pilot study made at Ruakura, New Zealand, tested monensin CRC in cows selected for high susceptibility to bloat and grazing lucerne (Medicago sativa) or red clover (Trifolium pratense). Treatment significantly reduced the incidence of bloat, while milk yield and protein yield were increased. There was no effect on fat yield. Following the pilot study, 6 large-scale field experiments involving a total of 368 lactating dairy cows, were made in Australia and New Zealand to confirm the effectiveness of monensin CRC for bloat control and to measure the effect of such treatment on milk production and composition. A severe bloat problem occurred in 2 experiments, mild bloat occurred in 2 others, while no visual signs of bloat were observed in the remaining 2 experiments. Bloat was significantly (P less than 0.05) reduced by monensin CRC treatment when data was pooled over the 4 experiments in which bloat occurred. Daily milk yield was increased in all experiments from a mean of 17.7 in untreated groups to 18.8 kg/head/day (P less than 0.05) in monensin CRC-treated cows. Protein percentage was not affected by treatment, while there was a decrease from 4.29 to 4.10% fat, although total fat yield was not affected.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
莫能菌素是一种聚醚离子载体抗生素，可能是缓解放牧于温带豆科牧草牧场的奶牛胀气的重要药物。开展了一系列研究，以确定通过控释胶囊（莫能菌素控释胶囊）在泌乳奶牛瘤胃中持续投放莫能菌素的效果。此类装置在100天内每天每头释放约300毫克。在新西兰鲁阿库拉进行的一项短期试点研究，对挑选出的易患胀气且放牧紫花苜蓿（紫花苜蓿）或红三叶草（红车轴草）的奶牛测试了莫能菌素控释胶囊。治疗显著降低了胀气发生率，同时提高了产奶量和蛋白质产量。对脂肪产量没有影响。在试点研究之后，在澳大利亚和新西兰进行了6项大规模田间试验，共涉及368头泌乳奶牛，以确认莫能菌素控释胶囊对控制胀气的有效性，并测量这种治疗对牛奶产量和成分的影响。在2项试验中出现了严重的胀气问题，在另外2项试验中出现了轻度胀气，而在其余2项试验中未观察到明显的胀气迹象。当汇总4项出现胀气的试验数据时，莫能菌素控释胶囊治疗显著（P小于0.05）降低了胀气发生率。在所有试验中，日均产奶量从未治疗组的平均17.7千克/头/天增加到莫能菌素控释胶囊治疗奶牛的18.8千克/头/天（P小于0.05）。蛋白质百分比不受治疗影响，而脂肪从4.29%降至4.10%，尽管总脂肪产量不受影响。（摘要截取自250字）
