McCormack Lacey Arneson, Laska Melissa Nelson, Larson Nicole I, Story Mary
E. A. Martin Program in Human Nutrition, South Dakota State University, Brookings, USA.
J Am Diet Assoc. 2010 Mar;110(3):399-408. doi: 10.1016/j.jada.2009.11.023.
The development and promotion of farmers' markets and community gardens is growing in popularity as a strategy to increase community-wide fruit and vegetable consumption. Despite large numbers of farmers' markets and community gardens in the United States, as well as widespread enthusiasm for their use as a health promotion tool, little is known about their influence on dietary intake. This review examines the current scientific literature on the implications of farmers' market programs and community gardens on nutrition-related outcomes in adults. Studies published between January 1980 and January 2009 were identified via PubMed and Agricola database searches and by examining reference lists from relevant studies. Studies were included in this review if they took place in the United States and qualitatively or quantitatively examined nutrition-related outcomes, including dietary intake; attitudes and beliefs regarding buying, preparing, or eating fruits and vegetables; and behaviors and perceptions related to obtaining produce from a farmers' market or community garden. Studies focusing on garden-based youth programs were excluded. In total, 16 studies were identified for inclusion in this review. Seven studies focused on the impact of farmers' market nutrition programs for Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children participants, five focused on the influence of farmers' market programs for seniors, and four focused on community gardens. Findings from this review reveal that few well-designed research studies (eg, those incorporating control groups) utilizing valid and reliable dietary assessment methods to evaluate the influence of farmers' markets and community gardens on nutrition-related outcomes have been completed. Recommendations for future research on the dietary influences of farmers' markets and community gardens are provided.
作为一项提高社区水果和蔬菜消费量的策略，农贸市场和社区菜园的发展与推广越来越受到欢迎。尽管美国有大量的农贸市场和社区菜园，而且人们普遍热衷于将其作为促进健康的工具，但对于它们对饮食摄入量的影响却知之甚少。本综述考察了当前关于农贸市场项目和社区菜园对成年人营养相关结果影响的科学文献。通过检索PubMed和Agricola数据库以及查阅相关研究的参考文献列表，确定了1980年1月至2009年1月期间发表的研究。如果研究在美国进行，并且定性或定量地考察了营养相关结果，包括饮食摄入量；对购买、准备或食用水果和蔬菜的态度和信念；以及与从农贸市场或社区菜园获取农产品相关的行为和认知，则纳入本综述。聚焦于以菜园为基础的青少年项目的研究被排除在外。总共确定了16项研究纳入本综述。7项研究关注农贸市场营养项目对妇女、婴儿和儿童特别补充营养项目参与者的影响，5项关注农贸市场项目对老年人的影响，4项关注社区菜园。本综述的结果表明，很少有精心设计的研究（例如那些纳入对照组的研究）使用有效且可靠的饮食评估方法来评估农贸市场和社区菜园对营养相关结果的影响。文中还提供了关于未来研究农贸市场和社区菜园饮食影响的建议。
