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Resuscitation. 2010 May;81(5):568-75. doi: 10.1016/j.resuscitation.2009.12.022. Epub 2010 Feb 24.
A common reason for bystanders' failure to perform CPR in real or hypothetical situations is their lack of confidence in themselves. CPR self-training, which uses learner-operated virtual media rather than a live instructor, has not been assessed for its ability to influence learners' attitudes toward performing CPR in a real emergency. The aim of this study was to compare attitude effects associated with traditional, live instruction versus self-training or no instruction.
Data from 1069 lay learners were collected. Learners were assigned randomly to a traditional instructor-led course, a video-based self-training course, or a no-training control group. All learners completed pre-training and post-training questionnaires that assessed competence, confidence, and willingness to perform CPR. Learners' objective performance of CPR was also assessed, post-training, via a recording manikin.
ANOVA revealed that, in all 3 groups, all 3 attitudes changed significantly from pre- to post-questionnaire; further, the amount of attitude change did not differ reliably among the 3 groups (P<.05). Of the objective measures, ventilation performance was the only one consistently and positively correlated with attitudes (P<.05). Despite focus group comments that suggested self-trained learners' concerns about the rudimentary nature of their training, these concerns did not manifest as a hindrance to positive attitude change.
Live training does not pose any measurable advantage for developing learners' positive attitudes. The counterintuitive finding that controls experienced similar levels of attitude change suggests that mere exposure to CPR testing can have positive effects on attitudes.
旁观者在真实或假设情况下未能进行心肺复苏术（CPR）的一个常见原因是他们对自己缺乏信心。CPR 自我培训使用学习者操作的虚拟媒体而不是现场指导员，尚未评估其影响学习者在真正紧急情况下进行 CPR 的态度的能力。本研究的目的是比较与传统的现场指导相比，自我培训或不培训对态度的影响。
从 1069 名非专业学习者中收集数据。学习者被随机分配到传统的指导员指导课程、基于视频的自我培训课程或无培训对照组。所有学习者在培训前和培训后都完成了评估能力、信心和愿意进行心肺复苏术的问卷。培训后，通过记录人体模型评估学习者的心肺复苏术实际操作。
方差分析显示，在所有 3 组中，所有 3 种态度从培训前到培训后都发生了显著变化；此外，3 组之间的态度变化量没有可靠差异（P<.05）。在客观测量中，通气表现是唯一与态度一致且呈正相关的指标（P<.05）。尽管焦点小组的评论表明自我培训的学习者对其培训的基本性质感到担忧，但这些担忧并没有表现为积极态度变化的障碍。
现场培训在培养学习者积极态度方面没有任何可衡量的优势。一个反直觉的发现是，对照组经历了类似程度的态度变化，这表明仅接触 CPR 测试就可以对态度产生积极影响。
