Dipartimento di Sanità Pubblica Veterinaria, Facoltà di Medicina Veterinaria, Università degli Studi di Messina, Polo Universitario della Annunziata, 98168 Messina, Italy.
Vet Parasitol. 2010 May 28;170(1-2):96-103. doi: 10.1016/j.vetpar.2010.01.033. Epub 2010 Feb 1.
This field trial was designed to test the efficacy, in terms of treatment and prevention, of the fipronil 10%+(S)-methoprene 9% combination against immature and adult stages of Rhipicephalus sanguineus in naturally infested dogs, and to assess the effect of a single plain water exposure. Twenty-four dogs of various age, sex, weight and coat length were divided into two homogeneous groups, treated (T) and control (C), and housed into twin outdoor kennels. Trial baseline was designed as day 0, when dogs from group T were treated with a commercial spot-on formulation of fipronil 10%+(S)-methoprene 9%, while subjects from group C were left untreated and served as control. After treatment, tick load for each included dog was estimated, for both adult and immature ticks, using the localization and count over the entire body surface at the following time-points: day 2, to evaluate the speed of kill and at days 7, 14, 21 and 28 to assess the persistence of efficacy. The effect of water exposure on the product efficacy was tested at day 14 of the study, when six dogs, homogenously selected from group T, were soaked through with plain water. The overall tick load in dogs from group C was high throughout the entire study period, ranging from 103.2 (day 28) to 161.3 (day 0), and confirmed the high tick pressure. Speed of kill calculated at 48 h post-treatment was slightly higher for adult ticks (96.2%) than for immature stages (91.6%). Compared to the control, dogs treated with the fipronil+(S)-methoprene maintained a significantly lower mean tick load for both adult and immature stages in the four weeks of observation. Persistence of efficacy against immature stages ranged from 97.1% the first week, 99.6% second week, 99.7 third week and 93.1% in the last week. In the same way, efficacy against adult ticks was constantly high, shifting from 94.5% to 92.5%. Overall efficacy (adults+immatures) was the strongest in the first two weeks (i.e., 96.1% and 96.6%) and lowered in the two remaining weeks (i.e., 94.2% and 93.4%). Results showed that water exposure did not affect the activity and persistence of the tested combination. On the basis of this field trial, the fipronil+(S)-methoprene combination represents a highly efficacious product to control all stages of R. sanguineus ticks on dogs.
本田间试验旨在测试 10%氟虫腈+(S)-氯菊酯 9%组合对自然感染犬的幼蜱和成年蜱的治疗和预防效果，并评估单次清水暴露的效果。将 24 只不同年龄、性别、体重和毛色的犬分为两组，即治疗组（T）和对照组（C），并安置在两个户外犬舍中。试验基线设计为第 0 天，此时 T 组犬用一种商业的 10%氟虫腈+(S)-氯菊酯 9%的点涂制剂进行治疗，而 C 组犬未进行治疗，作为对照。治疗后，对每只犬的成蜱和幼蜱的蜱载量进行评估，使用定位和计数方法对整个体表进行评估，时间点为：第 2 天，以评估杀灭速度，第 7、14、21 和 28 天，以评估疗效的持久性。在研究的第 14 天，通过对 T 组中均匀选择的 6 只犬进行全身浸水，测试了清水暴露对产品疗效的影响。整个研究期间，C 组犬的总体蜱载量较高，范围从第 28 天的 103.2 到第 0 天的 161.3，证实了高蜱压力。治疗后 48 小时的杀灭速度计算结果表明，成蜱（96.2%）的杀灭速度略高于幼蜱（91.6%）。与对照组相比，用氟虫腈+(S)-氯菊酯治疗的犬在四周的观察期内，无论是成蜱还是幼蜱的平均蜱载量均显著较低。对幼蜱的疗效持久性从第一周的 97.1%、第二周的 99.6%、第三周的 99.7%和第四周的 93.1%。同样，对成蜱的疗效一直很高，从 94.5%降至 92.5%。总体疗效（成蜱+幼蜱）在头两周最强（即 96.1%和 96.6%），在接下来的两周下降（即 94.2%和 93.4%）。结果表明，清水暴露不会影响该组合的活性和持久性。基于本次田间试验，氟虫腈+(S)-氯菊酯组合对控制犬只上所有阶段的 R. sanguineus 蜱非常有效。
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