Children's Hospital at Montefiore and Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA.
Curr Opin Pediatr. 2010 Jun;22(3):302-6. doi: 10.1097/MOP.0b013e32833797f9.
Bronchiolitis is a complex disease that exhibits tremendous heterogeneity with respect to cause, clinical presentation, outcome and susceptibility of afflicted patients. Although respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is widely considered to be the most important cause of bronchiolitis in children, little is known about the mechanisms of susceptibility to severe infection.
Over the last several years, there have been important advances in our understanding of RSV bronchiolitis, ranging from large-scale epidemiologic observations to novel in-vitro discoveries, including those related to environmental and host risk factors. In addition, new investigative techniques have been developed, which may enhance our understanding about the interaction between RSV and the pediatric airway.
RSV remains the most frequently encountered cause of bronchiolitis and contributes to significant morbidity and mortality worldwide. The investigations highlighted in this review may serve as foundations for future mechanistic studies, the implementation of new preventive strategies and the discovery of novel treatments.
毛细支气管炎是一种复杂的疾病，在病因、临床表现、预后和患者易感性方面存在巨大的异质性。虽然呼吸道合胞病毒（RSV）被广泛认为是儿童毛细支气管炎的最重要病因，但对于严重感染易感性的机制知之甚少。
在过去的几年中，我们对 RSV 毛细支气管炎的认识有了重要的进展，从大规模的流行病学观察到新的体外发现，包括与环境和宿主危险因素有关的发现。此外，还开发了新的研究技术，这可能有助于我们理解 RSV 与小儿气道的相互作用。
RSV 仍然是毛细支气管炎最常见的病因，在全球范围内导致了显著的发病率和死亡率。本综述中强调的研究可以为未来的机制研究、新的预防策略的实施和新的治疗方法的发现奠定基础。
