Allen A E, Pang S F, Nir I
Department of Biology, Hong Kong Baptist College.
J Neural Transm Gen Sect. 1991;83(1-2):107-19. doi: 10.1007/BF01244457.
Direct (via the skull) and indirect (via the eyes) light on the rate of adaptation of circadian rhythms of pineal, retina and serum indoleamines and of locomotor activity was examined by observing photoperiod reversal in eye covered and normally sighted chickens. Eye covering did not affect indoleamine levels nor locomotor activity on the regular light:dark (L:D) cycle. However, following photoperiod reversal, the eye covered chickens showed slower rates of adaptation of retinal melatonin and locomotor activity to the new L:D cycle than did the normal sighted chickens. Pineal and serum indole levels were unaffected by eye covering. Our results in birds indicate that 1) light to the eye has a role in governing retinal melatonin and locomotor activity, 2) the pineal is directly photosensitive, and 3) the endogenous rhythm of pineal melatonin may play a role in the entrainment of the locomotor rhythm in the chicken.
通过观察眼罩覆盖鸡和正常视力鸡的光周期逆转，研究了直接（通过颅骨）和间接（通过眼睛）光照对松果体、视网膜和血清吲哚胺昼夜节律以及运动活动适应率的影响。在正常的光照：黑暗（L:D）周期中，眼罩覆盖不影响吲哚胺水平和运动活动。然而，在光周期逆转后，眼罩覆盖的鸡视网膜褪黑素和运动活动对新L:D周期的适应率比正常视力的鸡慢。松果体和血清吲哚水平不受眼罩覆盖的影响。我们在鸟类中的研究结果表明：1）眼睛接受光照在调节视网膜褪黑素和运动活动中起作用；2）松果体对光直接敏感；3）松果体褪黑素的内源性节律可能在鸡的运动节律的同步化中起作用。
