Division of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, The University of Texas School of Public Health, Houston, Texas 77030, USA.
Am J Ind Med. 2010 May;53(5):463-75. doi: 10.1002/ajim.20800.
Workers are potentially exposed to asthmagens daily. Our study was conducted to estimate the prevalence of asthma among working adults in the U.S. by industry and occupation.
Using data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2001-2004), multiple logistic regression was used to investigate associations between industry and occupation and current asthma as defined by positive responses to "Has a doctor or other health professional ever told you that you have asthma?" and "Do you still have asthma?"
Workers in mining (17.0%), health-related industries (12.5%), teaching (13.1%), or in health-related occupations (12.6%) had the highest prevalence of asthma. As compared to construction industry workers, workers in mining (aOR = 5.2, 95% CI: 1.1-24.2) or health-related (aOR = 2.3, 95% CI: 1.1-4.8) industries had significantly higher odds of asthma.
Our study adds to the increasing evidence that miners, healthcare workers and teachers remain high-risk working populations and appropriate evaluation and control measures are needed to protect these workers.
工人们每天都有可能接触到哮喘诱因。我们的研究旨在通过行业和职业来估计美国成年工人中哮喘的患病率。
利用国家健康和营养调查（2001-2004 年）的数据，采用多变量逻辑回归分析来调查行业和职业与目前哮喘之间的关系，目前哮喘的定义是通过“医生或其他健康专家是否曾告诉您患有哮喘？”和“您是否仍患有哮喘？”的阳性回答来确定。
从事矿业（17.0%）、与健康相关的行业（12.5%）、教育（13.1%）或与健康相关的职业（12.6%）的工人哮喘患病率最高。与建筑行业工人相比，从事矿业（aOR = 5.2，95%CI：1.1-24.2）或与健康相关的（aOR = 2.3，95%CI：1.1-4.8）行业的工人患哮喘的几率明显更高。
我们的研究进一步证明，矿工、医护人员和教师仍然是高风险的工作人群，需要采取适当的评估和控制措施来保护这些工人。
