Syamlal Girija, Dodd Katelynn E, Mazurek Jacek M
Respiratory Health Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Morgantown, West VA, USA.
J Asthma. 2025 Jan;62(1):73-83. doi: 10.1080/02770903.2024.2387751. Epub 2024 Aug 7.
Assess the prevalence of current asthma, asthma attacks/episodes, and asthma-related emergency room (ER) visits by industry and occupation and estimate the proportion of current asthma cases associated with employment during 2020-2021.
The 2020-2021 National Health Interview Survey data for persons aged ≥18 years who were employed at any time during the 12 months prior to the interview were analyzed.
An estimated 12.7 million US working adults had current asthma. Of those, 40% had an asthma attack/episode and 8.6% had an asthma-related ER visit. Prevalence varied by sociodemographic characteristics, industry, and occupation. Highest asthma prevalence was among workers in the administrative, support, waste management, and remediation industry and the community and social services occupation. Nearly half of workers with current asthma in the arts, entertainment, and recreation industry and arts, design, entertainment, sports, and media occupations reported having an asthma attack/episode. Workers in the accommodations and food services industry and food preparation and serving related occupation had the highest asthma-related ER visits. The proportion of current asthma cases attributable to employment was estimated to be 9.2% by industry and 12.2% by occupation.
An estimated 1.2-1.5 million asthma cases among workers might be attributable to employment by industry and occupation. Disparities in asthma prevalence, asthma attacks/episodes and asthma-related ER visits among workers exist. These findings underscore the importance of early identification of asthma cases in relation to work and implementation of targeted interventions (including, training and education, personal protective equipment use, health surveillance, workplace policies), especially among workers employed in industries and occupations with elevated asthma prevalence.
按行业和职业评估当前哮喘、哮喘发作/事件以及与哮喘相关的急诊室就诊的患病率，并估计2020 - 2021年期间与就业相关的当前哮喘病例的比例。
分析了2020 - 2021年全国健康访谈调查中18岁及以上人群的数据，这些人在访谈前12个月内的任何时间都有工作。
估计有1270万美国在职成年人患有当前哮喘。其中，40%有哮喘发作/事件，8.6%有与哮喘相关的急诊室就诊。患病率因社会人口统计学特征、行业和职业而异。哮喘患病率最高的是行政、支持、废物管理和修复行业以及社区和社会服务职业的工人。艺术、娱乐和休闲行业以及艺术、设计、娱乐、体育和媒体职业中，近一半患有当前哮喘的工人报告有哮喘发作/事件。住宿和食品服务行业以及食品制备和服务相关职业的工人与哮喘相关的急诊室就诊率最高。按行业估计，当前哮喘病例中可归因于就业的比例为9.2%，按职业估计为12.2%。
估计工人中120万至150万哮喘病例可能归因于行业和职业就业。工人在哮喘患病率、哮喘发作/事件以及与哮喘相关的急诊室就诊方面存在差异。这些发现强调了早期识别与工作相关的哮喘病例以及实施有针对性干预措施（包括培训和教育、使用个人防护设备、健康监测、工作场所政策）的重要性，特别是在哮喘患病率较高的行业和职业的工人中。
