Clinical Neurosciences, School of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK.
Dev Med Child Neurol. 2010 Oct;52(10):922-8. doi: 10.1111/j.1469-8749.2010.03641.x. Epub 2010 Feb 24.
the aim of this study was to compare spoken language production in children with permanent childhood hearing impairment (PCHI) whose PCHI was confirmed either early or late.
audio-taped spoken narrative was assessed for syntax, phonology, morphology, and narrative in transcripts from a population-based sample of 89 children (49 males, 40 females; age mean age 7y 7mo, SD1y 1mo, range 6y 6mo-10y 9mo) with bilateral PCHI (≥ 40dB hearing loss) and a comparison group of 63 children (37 males, 26 females; mean age 8y 1mo; SD 1y) with normal hearing. Of the 89 children with PCHI, 41 (21 males, 20 females) had their hearing impairment confirmed by the age of 9 months. All children with PCHI were tested with hearing aids in place, including 16 with cochlear implants. The group of children whose PCHI had been confirmed by age 9 months was compared with the group with later confirmation of PCHI using regression models on the outcome measures.
compared with those with late-confirmed PCHI, children with early-confirmed PCHI used significantly more sentences (mean difference 2.7; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.49-5.24; p=0.019) and categories of high-pitched morphological markers (mean difference 6.64; 95% CI 1.96-11.31; p=0.006). The number of categories of low-pitched morphological markers, phonological simplifications, and sentences with multiple clauses did not differ between groups. The odds ratios (95% CI) of superior narrative structure and narrative content in children whose PCHI was confirmed early were 3.03 (1.09-8.46; p=0.034) and 4.43 (1.52-12.89; p=0.006) respectively.
early confirmation compared with late confirmation of PCHI was associated with benefit to narrative skills and to certain expressive aspects of syntax and morphology, but not expressive phonology.
本研究旨在比较永久性儿童听力损伤（PCHI）患儿的口语生成情况，这些患儿的 PCHI 是早期还是晚期确诊的。
从基于人群的样本中评估了 89 名（49 名男性，40 名女性；平均年龄 7 岁 7 个月，标准差 1 岁 1 个月，范围 6 岁 6 个月至 10 岁 9 个月）双侧 PCHI（≥40dB 听力损失）儿童和 63 名（37 名男性，26 名女性；平均年龄 8 岁 1 个月；标准差 1 岁）正常听力儿童的录音口语叙述，以评估语法、语音、形态和叙述。89 名 PCHI 患儿中，41 名（21 名男性，20 名女性）在 9 个月大时被确诊听力障碍。所有 PCHI 患儿均佩戴助听器进行测试，其中 16 名佩戴人工耳蜗。使用回归模型对结果指标进行分析，比较 9 个月前确诊 PCHI 的患儿组与较晚确诊 PCHI 的患儿组之间的差异。
与较晚确诊 PCHI 的患儿相比，早期确诊 PCHI 的患儿使用的句子明显更多（平均差异 2.7；95%置信区间[CI]0.49-5.24；p=0.019）和使用的高音调形态标记类别更多（平均差异 6.64；95%CI1.96-11.31；p=0.006）。两组间低音调形态标记类别、语音简化和多从句句子的数量无差异。早期确诊 PCHI 患儿的叙述结构和叙述内容的优势比（95%CI）分别为 3.03（1.09-8.46；p=0.034）和 4.43（1.52-12.89；p=0.006）。
与晚期确诊 PCHI 相比，早期确诊 PCHI 与叙事技能以及某些语法和形态的表达方面有益，而对表达语音无益处。
