Yoshinaga-Itano Christine, Manchaiah Vinaya, Hunnicutt Cynthia
Institute of Cognitive Science, University of Colorado Boulder, UCB 594, Boulder, CO 80309, USA.
Department of Speech and Hearing Sciences, Lamar University, Beaumont, TX 77710, USA.
J Clin Med. 2021 Jun 24;10(13):2784. doi: 10.3390/jcm10132784.
This systematic review examined the outcomes (age of identification and intervention, developmental outcomes, cost-effectiveness, and adverse effects on parents) of universal newborn hearing screening (UNHS) for children with permanent congenital hearing loss (PCHL).
Multiple electronic databases were interrogated in March and April 2020 with further reports identified from article citations and unpublished literature. UNHS reports in English with comparisons of outcomes of infants who were not screened, and infants identified through other hearing screening programs.
30 eligible reports from 14 populations with 7,325,138 infants screened through UNHS from 1616 non-duplicate references were included. UNHS results in a lower age of identification, amplification, and the initiation of early intervention services and better language/literacy development. Better speech perception/production were shown in younger, but not in older, children with early identification after UNHS. No significant findings were found for behavior problems and quality of life. UNHS was found to be cost-effective in terms of savings to society. In addition, no significant parental harm was noted as a result of UNHS.
In highly developed countries, significantly better outcomes were found for children identified early through UNHS programs. Early language development predicts later literacy and language development.
本系统评价探讨了针对永久性先天性听力损失（PCHL）儿童的普遍新生儿听力筛查（UNHS）的结果（识别和干预年龄、发育结果、成本效益以及对父母的不良影响）。
于2020年3月和4月检索了多个电子数据库，并从文章引用和未发表文献中识别出更多报告。纳入了英文的UNHS报告，这些报告比较了未接受筛查的婴儿以及通过其他听力筛查项目识别出的婴儿的结果。
从1616篇非重复参考文献中纳入了来自14个人群的30份合格报告，其中有7325138名婴儿通过UNHS进行了筛查。UNHS可降低识别、佩戴助听器及开始早期干预服务的年龄，并改善语言/读写能力发展。在UNHS后早期被识别出的年幼儿童中，语音感知/发音情况较好，但年长儿童中未显示出此情况。在行为问题和生活质量方面未发现显著结果。从对社会的节省成本角度来看，UNHS具有成本效益。此外，未发现UNHS对父母造成显著伤害。
在高度发达国家，通过UNHS项目早期识别出的儿童有显著更好的结果。早期语言发展可预测后期的读写能力和语言发展。
