School of Psychology, Deakin University, 221 Burwood Highway, Burwood, Victoria 3125, Australia.
Eat Behav. 2010 Apr;11(2):107-12. doi: 10.1016/j.eatbeh.2009.12.001. Epub 2009 Dec 11.
This study examined social comparisons, appearance related comments and contingent self-esteem, and their relationships with body dissatisfaction and eating disturbance in young adult women. Importantly, the role of both positive and negative appearance related comments, and upward and downward comparisons, were investigated. A self-report questionnaire assessing each of these variables was completed by one hundred and ninety-six women aged 18-35. A higher frequency of negative comments and contingent self-esteem were associated with higher upward comparisons, and more positive comments were associated with higher downward comparisons. Overall, social comparisons were shown to be more important than verbal commentary and contingent self-esteem. More upward comparisons and less downward comparisons uniquely predicted higher body dissatisfaction and eating disturbance. In addition, negative appearance comments were found to be more salient than positive comments. Negative comments and contingent self-esteem uniquely predicted more eating disturbance but positive comments were not a predictor of body dissatisfaction or eating disturbance. Longitudinal studies are now required to establish the direction of these relationships and to more fully examine the interplay among the factors. In addition, given that our study only assessed self-reported social comparisons, our findings need to be validated against experimental methods.
本研究考察了社会比较、与外貌相关的评论和条件自尊，以及它们与年轻成年女性的身体不满和饮食障碍的关系。重要的是，研究了积极和消极的与外貌相关的评论以及向上和向下比较的作用。196 名年龄在 18-35 岁的女性完成了一份自我报告问卷，评估了这些变量中的每一个。更高的负面评论和条件自尊频率与更高的向上比较有关，而更多的正面评论与更高的向下比较有关。总的来说，社会比较比口头评论和条件自尊更重要。更多的向上比较和更少的向下比较独特地预测了更高的身体不满和饮食障碍。此外，负面的外貌评论比正面的评论更突出。负面评论和条件自尊可以独特地预测更多的饮食障碍，但正面评论并不是身体不满或饮食障碍的预测因素。现在需要进行纵向研究来确定这些关系的方向，并更全面地研究这些因素之间的相互作用。此外，由于我们的研究仅评估了自我报告的社会比较，因此需要通过实验方法来验证我们的发现。
