Department of Paediatric Urology, Southampton University Hospital NHS Trust, Tremona Road, Southampton SO16 6YD, United Kingdom.
J Pediatr Urol. 2010 Aug;6(4):330-7. doi: 10.1016/j.jpurol.2010.01.015. Epub 2010 Feb 25.
The management of urinary incontinence has been revolutionized by the introduction of intermittent catheterization by Lapides in 1972, and later, by the description of the 'trans-appendicular continent cystostomy' by Mitrofanoff in 1980. Mitrofanoff launched a new concept whereby the bladder could be emptied by a route other than the urethra. This concept led to the publication of a plethora of alternatives to the appendix conduit, including the transverse ileal (Yang-Monti) tube, and conduits constructed from ureter, Fallopian tube, tubularized preputial transverse island flap, and longitudinally tubularized ileal and gastric segments. Further experience with the procedure, and the onset of complications such as stomal stenosis and leakage, instigated the description of various stomal options and conduit implantation techniques. More recently, laparoscopic and robotically assisted techniques have also been performed. We present a review of these techniques, and the outcomes reported over the last 30 years since the Mitrofanoff principle was first described.
1972 年，Lapides 引入间歇性导尿术，彻底改变了尿失禁的治疗方法，随后，Mitrofanoff 在 1980 年描述了“经阑尾间置可控性膀胱造口术”。Mitrofanoff 提出了一个新概念，即可以通过尿道以外的途径排空膀胱。这一概念导致了大量替代阑尾导管的方法的出现，包括横结肠（Yang-Monti）管和输尿管、输卵管、管状预制包皮横岛皮瓣、以及纵向管状回肠和胃段导管。随着对该手术的进一步经验积累，以及吻合口狭窄和渗漏等并发症的出现，各种造口术式和导管植入技术也相继出现。最近，腹腔镜和机器人辅助技术也已应用于该手术。我们回顾了这些技术，并对自 Mitrofanoff 原理首次描述以来过去 30 年报告的结果进行了总结。
