Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Waseda University, 3-4-1 Ohkubo, Shinjuku-ku 169-8555, Tokyo, Japan.
Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2010 Apr 2;394(2):279-84. doi: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2010.02.154. Epub 2010 Feb 25.
Salicylic acid decarboxylase (Sdc) can produce salicylic acid from phenol; it was found in the yeast Trichosporon moniliiforme WU-0401 and was for the first time enzymatically characterized, with the sdc gene heterologously expressed. Sdc catalyzed both reactions: decarboxylation of salicylic acid to phenol and the carboxylation of phenol to form salicylic acid without any byproducts. Both reactions were detected without the addition of any cofactors and occurred even in the presence of oxygen, suggesting that this Sdc is reversible, nonoxidative, and oxygen insensitive. Therefore, it is readily applicable in the selective production of salicylic acid from phenol, the enzymatic Kolbe-Schmitt reaction. The deduced amino acid sequence of the gene, sdc, encoding Sdc comprises 350 amino acid residues corresponding to a 40-kDa protein. The recombinant Escherichia coli BL21(DE3) expressing sdc converted phenol to salicylic acid with a 27% (mol/mol) yield at 30 degrees C for 9h.
水杨酸脱羧酶（Sdc）可以将苯酚转化为水杨酸；该酶最初在酵母 Trichosporon moniliiforme WU-0401 中被发现，并首次通过异源表达进行了酶学特征分析。Sdc 可以催化两个反应：水杨酸脱羧生成苯酚，以及苯酚羧化生成水杨酸，过程中没有任何副产物。这两个反应在不添加任何辅助因子的情况下均能检测到，甚至在有氧存在的情况下也能发生，这表明该 Sdc 是可逆的、非氧化的、对氧不敏感的。因此，它可以很容易地应用于从苯酚选择性生产水杨酸，即酶促 Kolbe-Schmitt 反应。编码 Sdc 的基因 sdc 的推导氨基酸序列由 350 个氨基酸残基组成，对应于 40kDa 的蛋白质。表达 sdc 的重组大肠杆菌 BL21(DE3)在 30°C 下反应 9 小时，苯酚的转化率为 27%（摩尔/摩尔）。
