Nunes Altacílio Aparecido, de Melo Igor Mariano, da Silva Ana Laura Alves, Rezende Leandro dos Santos de Araújo, Guimarães Paulo Bettero, Silva-Vergara Mario Leon
Department of Social Medicine, Faculty of Medicine of Ribeiraão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeiraão Preto, São Paulo State, Brazil.
Gend Med. 2010 Feb;7(1):28-38. doi: 10.1016/j.genm.2010.01.004.
Women are especially vulnerable to HIV infection because of biological, social, cultural, and economic factors. In Brazil, AIDS was initially seen predominantly in homosexual men, but the epidemic gradually reached a gender balance as increasing numbers of women became infected with HIV.
The aim of the present study was to identify the clinical and epidemiologic characteristics of hospitalized patients with HIV/AIDS of both sexes and compare the differences between them.
This epidemiologic cross-sectional study evaluated gender differences in demographic, social, clinical, and epidemiologic characteristics of patients diagnosed with HIV/AIDS who were admitted for any reason to the Public Hospital of the Medical School of the Federal University of Triângulo Mineiro, Uberaba, Minas Gerais State, Brazil.
A total of 363 patients were included in the analysis, with a male/female ratio of 1.1:1.0. Forty-one percent of women were pregnant. Mean age at hospitalization and duration of hospitalization were significantly greater among men (P<0.05). Men and nonpregnant women were admitted because of infection significantly more often than were pregnant women (P<0.05). Significantly more single men who reported homosexual, bisexual, or heterosexual behavior associated with drug use were admitted compared with women (P<0.05). Women admitted for treatment were significantly more likely than men to be employed (P<0.05). Adherence to antiretroviral treatment and T CD4+ lymphocyte count indicated important differences between the sexes, with better parameters observed among nonpregnant and pregnant women compared with men.
In the present study, women with HIV/AIDS who were admitted to the hospital for any reason were in better clinical condition compared with men. This observation may be partially explained by the proportion of pregnant women in the study population. These findings suggest that future studies should examine pregnant women with HIV/AIDS as a separate population group to avoid bias in analysis.
由于生物学、社会、文化和经济因素，女性特别容易感染艾滋病毒。在巴西，艾滋病最初主要出现在男同性恋者中，但随着越来越多的女性感染艾滋病毒，该流行病逐渐实现了性别平衡。
本研究的目的是确定住院的艾滋病毒/艾滋病患者的临床和流行病学特征，并比较两者之间的差异。
这项流行病学横断面研究评估了因任何原因入住巴西米纳斯吉拉斯州乌贝拉巴市三角州米内罗联邦大学医学院公立医院的艾滋病毒/艾滋病确诊患者在人口统计学、社会、临床和流行病学特征方面的性别差异。
共有363名患者纳入分析，男女比例为1.1:1.0。41%的女性为孕妇。男性的住院平均年龄和住院时间显著更长（P<0.05）。男性和非孕妇因感染入院的频率明显高于孕妇（P<0.05）。与女性相比，报告有与吸毒相关的同性恋、双性恋或异性恋行为的单身男性入院的比例明显更高（P<0.05）。接受治疗的女性比男性更有可能就业（P<0.05）。抗逆转录病毒治疗的依从性和T CD4+淋巴细胞计数表明男女之间存在重要差异，非孕妇和孕妇的各项参数优于男性。
在本研究中，因任何原因住院的艾滋病毒/艾滋病女性患者的临床状况优于男性。这一观察结果可能部分归因于研究人群中孕妇的比例。这些发现表明，未来的研究应将感染艾滋病毒/艾滋病的孕妇作为一个单独的人群组进行研究，以避免分析中的偏差。
