Ifremer, Station Expérimentale d'Argenton, PFOM Department, Argenton, France.
Theriogenology. 2010 Jul 1;74(1):111-7. doi: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2010.01.021. Epub 2010 Mar 1.
Changes in sperm features during the movement phase are especially interesting to study in external fertilization species whose sperm duration movement is long because this implies a significant adaptation of moving cells to the external medium. This study describes the changes in tetraploid Pacific oyster sperm characteristics in relation to time post activation. Sperm individually collected on three tetraploid males were activated in seawater. Their features were analysed over a 24h period and compared to a sperm pool collected on three diploid males as a reference. The percentage of motile spermatozoa, the intracellular ATP content, and the fine structure of spermatozoa were studied in relation to time post activation. Furthermore, the fertilisation capacity of sperm individually collected on five diploid males was assessed after 1 and 24h post activation. A forward progressive movement was maintained for at least a 20h duration. Compared to diploid males, the percentage of motile spermatozoa was lower in tetraploid males. The intracellular ATP concentration was higher in spermatozoa from tetraploid males than in spermatozoa from diploid males. A decrease in ATP content was observed in the first 6h post activation and severe alterations were observed in sperm morphology after 24h. Then, a lower fertilisation capacity of sperm from diploid males was observed at the end of the movement phase. The cessation of Pacific oyster sperm motility was unlikely caused by ATP consumption as ATP concentration was still high at the end of sperm movement but rather caused by drastic changes in sperm morphology. Compared to sperm collected on diploid males, the lower quality of sperm from tetraploid males was emphasized by a shorter movement duration and deeper morphological alterations at the end of the movement phase.
在外部受精物种中，研究游动阶段精子特征的变化尤其有趣，因为这意味着游动细胞对外部介质有显著的适应。本研究描述了四倍体太平洋牡蛎精子特征与激活后时间的关系。从 3 个四倍体雄性个体中单独收集的精子在海水中激活。在 24 小时内分析它们的特征，并与从 3 个二倍体雄性个体中收集的精子池进行比较作为参考。研究了与激活后时间相关的运动精子的百分比、细胞内 ATP 含量和精子的精细结构。此外，在激活后 1 小时和 24 小时评估了从 5 个二倍体雄性个体中单独收集的精子的受精能力。向前的渐进运动至少维持了 20 小时。与二倍体雄性相比，四倍体雄性的运动精子百分比较低。四倍体雄性精子的细胞内 ATP 浓度高于二倍体雄性精子。在激活后 6 小时内观察到 ATP 含量下降，24 小时后观察到精子形态严重改变。然后，在运动阶段结束时，观察到来自二倍体雄性的精子受精能力降低。太平洋牡蛎精子运动的停止不太可能是由于 ATP 消耗引起的，因为在精子运动结束时 ATP 浓度仍然很高，而是由于精子形态的剧烈变化引起的。与从二倍体雄性收集的精子相比，在运动阶段结束时，四倍体雄性精子的质量较低，表现为运动持续时间较短和形态改变更深。
