Graduate Periodontics, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-1078, USA.
J Periodontol. 2010 Mar;81(3):372-7. doi: 10.1902/jop.2009.090506.
Understanding the position of the lingual nerve is important when performing third molar extractions and periodontal and implant surgeries in the mandible. The careless management of the lingual flap can potentially cause damage to the lingual nerve. The location of the lingual nerve in the third molar region was described in the literature; however, to our knowledge, its course mesial to the third molar region was not reported. The aim of this study is to identify and measure the location of lingual nerves in relation to mandibular teeth in fresh cadaver heads.
Thirty lingual nerves from 18 cadaver heads were dissected, and the vertical distance from the lingual nerve to the mid-lingual cemento-enamel junctions of mandibular molars and premolars and the position where the lingual nerve left the lingual plate and moved toward the tongue were determined. Two cadaver heads were randomly selected and exposed to cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans after the insertion of a wrought wire into the nerve. The same vertical distance as the clinical measurement was determined and compared.
Seventy-five percent of lingual nerves turned toward the tongue at the first and second molar region. The vertical distance was 9.6, 13, and 14.8 mm at the second molar, first molar, and second premolar, respectively. The difference between clinical and CBCT measurements was 0.57 +/- 2.62 mm.
The course of the lingual nerve in relation to posterior teeth was described. This information can help surgeons gain more understanding of the location of the lingual nerve and perform safe surgeries in the mandible.
在进行下颌第三磨牙拔除、牙周和种植手术时，了解舌神经的位置非常重要。不注意处理舌瓣可能会导致舌神经损伤。舌神经在第三磨牙区域的位置在文献中有描述；然而，据我们所知，其在第三磨牙区域的近中走向尚未报道。本研究的目的是在新鲜的尸体头颅中确定并测量舌神经与下颌牙齿相关的位置。
从 18 具尸体头颅中解剖了 30 条舌神经，并确定了舌神经到下颌磨牙和前磨牙的舌中釉牙骨质界的垂直距离，以及舌神经离开舌板向舌侧移动的位置。随机选择了两个尸体头颅，在神经内插入金属丝后进行锥形束 CT（CBCT）扫描。确定了与临床测量相同的垂直距离并进行了比较。
75%的舌神经在第一和第二磨牙区域向舌侧转向。第二磨牙、第一磨牙和第二前磨牙的垂直距离分别为 9.6、13 和 14.8 毫米。临床和 CBCT 测量值的差异为 0.57 +/- 2.62 毫米。
描述了舌神经与后牙的关系。这些信息可以帮助外科医生更好地了解舌神经的位置，并在颌骨中进行安全的手术。
